Received: from mail-oa0-f55.google.com ([209.85.219.55]:61782) by stodi.digitalkingdom.org with esmtps (TLSv1:RC4-SHA:128) (Exim 4.76) (envelope-from ) id 1TtXgO-0004YL-NF; Thu, 10 Jan 2013 22:01:44 -0800 Received: by mail-oa0-f55.google.com with SMTP id k14sf695092oag.20 for ; Thu, 10 Jan 2013 22:01:29 -0800 (PST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=googlegroups.com; s=20120806; h=x-received:x-beenthere:x-received:x-received:received-spf :mime-version:in-reply-to:references:date:message-id:subject:from:to :x-original-sender:x-original-authentication-results:reply-to :precedence:mailing-list:list-id:x-google-group-id:list-post :list-help:list-archive:sender:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe :content-type; bh=M9n0zEbrH4z15LaOdovYmrnFyNfF4WMb7blOFwaBuW0=; b=TWWIokftDLe1ZQ6WPEvywN7HQdtqbetjjvwg3WWqIxken3gw4v20M4Z3scqxC9xxF7 SwcdqpVgWk6klTzzdQGfsoR1nJyPCXNC+jlLemRFRFEqv5k8oJPnOAvi28wTX8QgLvnM 2Vt/C8C+His/O+0fdScTHy/YeKyMXggBGSqsV6EXW2MEIhOiBEZSmnykVHjI5bSR+V8k rpFDDGEX4UA5TisUqP3kfP4Y2fo6HcOO5QOcq4lFr+hT7BkSdsW1NyqJmazC1jth1dlx aBtCIWX44hCfVSzK3OiPglIZyA+TBUYT/RI7NR9/kt56z7kblxm85xLA1zFSgHi/pm3G AFFg== DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20120113; h=x-received:x-beenthere:x-received:x-received:received-spf :mime-version:in-reply-to:references:date:message-id:subject:from:to :x-original-sender:x-original-authentication-results:reply-to :precedence:mailing-list:list-id:x-google-group-id:list-post :list-help:list-archive:sender:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe :content-type; bh=M9n0zEbrH4z15LaOdovYmrnFyNfF4WMb7blOFwaBuW0=; b=sB8vFKJF4kAJhBeS72eA2jOPeGkSAPFToGcN+wukSI1x3/EQe6IJ15oPQLHtZu7ENz qrTasM13GRLIGzFfkSBEGl/FrlvEBPw9Eiv+TLUGUapIvjIVrzrg65sDwE/9apvVLUhM in3eUZKIMFzc3nWh/UG3SDtYuEAXvSvsNOdxbVKUIAaaoIB8DMxYBOr8uPm9YeD3ceIO 3SvvkPg9Bx3rQHv4zFRIu1Bgb3YIUWZdZ1ph6aa0M+B1VH+ouIi4ggpNHLdpsgOYDkkt Oh18/q6cSNCrgfGVSC4BOkBfMSUMrt1rtQo53D4haWtrFunMOHGBEKaNSwstG0gZIsLM bXLA== X-Received: by 10.49.60.40 with SMTP id e8mr13690250qer.40.1357884089684; Thu, 10 Jan 2013 22:01:29 -0800 (PST) X-BeenThere: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com Received: by 10.49.127.142 with SMTP id ng14ls2143198qeb.61.gmail; Thu, 10 Jan 2013 22:01:28 -0800 (PST) X-Received: by 10.58.85.106 with SMTP id g10mr32798155vez.2.1357884088172; Thu, 10 Jan 2013 22:01:28 -0800 (PST) X-Received: by 10.58.85.106 with SMTP id g10mr32798153vez.2.1357884088155; Thu, 10 Jan 2013 22:01:28 -0800 (PST) Received: from mail-vc0-f173.google.com (mail-vc0-f173.google.com [209.85.220.173]) by gmr-mx.google.com with ESMTPS id u2si337341vdi.2.2013.01.10.22.01.28 (version=TLSv1 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-RC4-SHA bits=128/128); Thu, 10 Jan 2013 22:01:28 -0800 (PST) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of blindbravado@gmail.com designates 209.85.220.173 as permitted sender) client-ip=209.85.220.173; Received: by mail-vc0-f173.google.com with SMTP id f13so1132186vcb.32 for ; Thu, 10 Jan 2013 22:01:28 -0800 (PST) MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: by 10.58.64.51 with SMTP id l19mr96592606ves.15.1357884088012; Thu, 10 Jan 2013 22:01:28 -0800 (PST) Received: by 10.220.13.197 with HTTP; Thu, 10 Jan 2013 22:01:27 -0800 (PST) In-Reply-To: References: Date: Fri, 11 Jan 2013 01:01:27 -0500 Message-ID: Subject: Re: [lojban-beginners] {da} and {zasti} From: Ian Johnson To: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com X-Original-Sender: blindbravado@gmail.com X-Original-Authentication-Results: gmr-mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: domain of blindbravado@gmail.com designates 209.85.220.173 as permitted sender) smtp.mail=blindbravado@gmail.com; dkim=pass header.i=@gmail.com Reply-To: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com Precedence: list Mailing-list: list lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com; contact lojban-beginners+owners@googlegroups.com List-ID: X-Google-Group-Id: 300742228892 List-Post: , List-Help: , List-Archive: Sender: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com List-Subscribe: , List-Unsubscribe: , Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=047d7b6d8102b6506e04d2fd0630 X-Spam-Score: -0.1 (/) X-Spam_score: -0.1 X-Spam_score_int: 0 X-Spam_bar: / --047d7b6d8102b6506e04d2fd0630 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 In my understanding: {da cevni} says "There is a divinity in the universe of discourse". It says nothing about whether a god actually exists. {lo cevni ku zasti} is something like "something unspecified which is a god exists [to someone unspecified in some unspecified metaphysics]". This probably means {lo cevni ku zasti fi zu'i}, which means "something unspecified which is a god exists in the usual metaphysics" which was used in that discussion to mean "...actually exists in reality". {da poi cevni cu zasti} is "there exists x in the universe of discourse and which is a god, such that x exists". The same qualification about fi zu'i etc. applies here. The point is that if you're using {da}, outside somewhat trivial situations (where you universally quantify over an empty domain, or where you use a {no} quantifier) you assert {da zasti fi de} but in general not {da zasti fi zu'i}, since we talk about things that don't exist in reality quite frequently (cf. for example djica2). With {lo} you have all the subtlety of xorlo, which is worthy of its own discussion, probably. Note that even this issue is a fair bit controversial; as you'll see in various discussions, most recently "context and precision", the best choice of a scope for {da} variables isn't entirely clear. The full linguistic universe of discourse is rather impractically large; almost anything else has unsatisfactory gaps. The optimal solution may be to say {da poi zasti} when this is intended and otherwise use the full universe of discourse, but this is frustrating too. mi'e la latro'a mu'o On Thu, Jan 10, 2013 at 8:57 PM, .arpis. wrote: > I was a little confused by something in the recent discussion on searching. > > What is the difference between (pardon the theistic bent) {da cevni}, {lo > cevni ku zasti}, and {da poi cevni cu zasti}. > > I hope I'm not opening too big of a can of worms here. > > -- > mu'o mi'e .arpis. > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Lojban Beginners" group. > To post to this group, send email to lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com. > To unsubscribe from this group, send email to > lojban-beginners+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. > For more options, visit this group at > http://groups.google.com/group/lojban-beginners?hl=en. > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Lojban Beginners" group. To post to this group, send email to lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban-beginners+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/lojban-beginners?hl=en. --047d7b6d8102b6506e04d2fd0630 Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
In my understanding:
{da cevni} says "There is a divinity in= the universe of discourse". It says nothing about whether a god actua= lly exists.
{lo cevni ku zasti} is something like "something u= nspecified which is a god exists [to someone unspecified in some unspecifie= d metaphysics]". This probably means {lo cevni ku zasti fi zu'i}, = which means "something unspecified which is a god exists in the usual = metaphysics" which was used in that discussion to mean "...actual= ly exists in reality".
{da poi cevni cu zasti} is "there exists x in the universe of dis= course and which is a god, such that x exists". The same qualification= about fi zu'i etc. applies here.

The point is= that if you're using {da}, outside somewhat trivial situations (where = you universally quantify over an empty domain, or where you use a {no} quan= tifier) you assert {da zasti fi de} but in general not {da zasti fi zu'= i}, since we talk about things that don't exist in reality quite freque= ntly (cf. for example djica2). With {lo} you have all the subtlety of xorlo= , which is worthy of its own discussion, probably.

Note that even this issue is a fair bit controversial; = as you'll see in various discussions, most recently "context and p= recision", the best choice of a scope for {da} variables isn't ent= irely clear. The full linguistic universe of discourse is rather impractica= lly large; almost anything else has unsatisfactory gaps. The optimal soluti= on may be to say {da poi zasti} when this is intended and otherwise use the= full universe of discourse, but this is frustrating too.

mi'e la latro'a mu'o

On Thu, Jan 10, 2013 at 8:57 PM, .arpis. <= rpglover64= +jbobau@gmail.com> wrote:
I was a little co= nfused by something in the recent discussion on searching.

Wha= t is the difference between (pardon the theistic bent) {da cevni}, {lo cevn= i ku zasti}, and {da poi cevni cu zasti}.

I hope I'm not opening too big of a can of worms here.

--
mu'o mi'e .arpis.

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