Received: from mail-qa0-f64.google.com ([209.85.216.64]:36923) by stodi.digitalkingdom.org with esmtps (TLSv1:RC4-SHA:128) (Exim 4.76) (envelope-from ) id 1ULEVI-00061b-FR; Thu, 28 Mar 2013 08:12:41 -0700 Received: by mail-qa0-f64.google.com with SMTP id bv4sf872762qab.19 for ; Thu, 28 Mar 2013 08:12:30 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=googlegroups.com; s=20120806; h=x-received:x-beenthere:x-received:received-spf:mime-version :x-received:in-reply-to:references:date:message-id:subject:from:to :x-original-sender:x-original-authentication-results:reply-to :precedence:mailing-list:list-id:x-google-group-id:list-post :list-help:list-archive:sender:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe :content-type; bh=8Hg7uTx3uuSUOssmRjZw/FB1Mm43PRCy+zzQnd4gOvc=; b=gSUq+9R7om6r6Eeq7GfRessR1grdyV4/9768R1iGdDTUj4ZtTj1KLjW0AiKIYvX7Gt 8SLZ9kaRtXTqBpc9njyYDL+ZFsbgUv03Ug3zkJYtVKVlmqWYtoIuDF40T58+DwBkFeFp OIbKuuONdg4UI790/bQmNwnlnAj6iWnWlDnpsENJMfhD6rLkuRhPc//GxNcMjNQkpHrV WcH0wc9rJeeeHkZTWjbykkKc7Nv3UUutm1sjgCsYJAiJ/yNmCToEhyJNJkGfABkCAxSm n2l5XFaMXe6F37g1bg2s6qqOyd5FxL+eYxxEyD3HuJB9zSqOr2vJRBgM/aPE0og7pZSv CUBA== DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20120113; h=x-received:x-beenthere:x-received:received-spf:mime-version :x-received:in-reply-to:references:date:message-id:subject:from:to :x-original-sender:x-original-authentication-results:reply-to :precedence:mailing-list:list-id:x-google-group-id:list-post :list-help:list-archive:sender:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe :content-type; bh=8Hg7uTx3uuSUOssmRjZw/FB1Mm43PRCy+zzQnd4gOvc=; b=y1kCoLutJyGciWF72ycDERDiiFipvv5OWhd2nFKz2F6qSkmgq7uNzjTNdKhekaxNrA Nd2drFB8I37DJd3suK78ycYiHwXZGnvuJYFHHAVQVMO1asEwPycyD5eK5SlSfLWOOh4a baS9C4V6s/BdkAwagPOoR9YRZKgPJgWZ+E8Vvz3p9IudTU2wZ11eVYiKil4c+Kt9dYyX AHK9PmGVdzJlIwkV+HLCWyQjrHqb/AKuGyXCRgO8/pBK+TI9hpgdkGFfvOmJRaX+voI9 h7sCe5UDkAIpf5yqI4sPXLrrETRQ2slBG0s7bHP5rQ2Jb1ivNtCeNRwuZegBnJEm/Tw7 m0hw== X-Received: by 10.50.43.225 with SMTP id z1mr1466000igl.15.1364483549696; Thu, 28 Mar 2013 08:12:29 -0700 (PDT) X-BeenThere: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com Received: by 10.50.213.42 with SMTP id np10ls6171324igc.32.gmail; Thu, 28 Mar 2013 08:12:28 -0700 (PDT) X-Received: by 10.42.178.2 with SMTP id bk2mr19470624icb.26.1364483548883; Thu, 28 Mar 2013 08:12:28 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mail-ie0-x22a.google.com (mail-ie0-x22a.google.com [2607:f8b0:4001:c03::22a]) by gmr-mx.google.com with ESMTPS id j7si811364igc.3.2013.03.28.08.12.28 (version=TLSv1 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-RC4-SHA bits=128/128); Thu, 28 Mar 2013 08:12:28 -0700 (PDT) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of blindbravado@gmail.com designates 2607:f8b0:4001:c03::22a as permitted sender) client-ip=2607:f8b0:4001:c03::22a; Received: by mail-ie0-x22a.google.com with SMTP id c11so11940557ieb.29 for ; Thu, 28 Mar 2013 08:12:28 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Received: by 10.43.65.145 with SMTP id xm17mr14646307icb.35.1364483548786; Thu, 28 Mar 2013 08:12:28 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.231.237.84 with HTTP; Thu, 28 Mar 2013 08:12:28 -0700 (PDT) In-Reply-To: References: <1baaa5fc-7aaa-4de3-849c-2ba865bcdacb@googlegroups.com> Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2013 11:12:28 -0400 Message-ID: Subject: Re: [lojban-beginners] Question about lo, ku and cu From: Ian Johnson To: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com X-Original-Sender: blindbravado@gmail.com X-Original-Authentication-Results: gmr-mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: domain of blindbravado@gmail.com designates 2607:f8b0:4001:c03::22a as permitted sender) smtp.mail=blindbravado@gmail.com; dkim=pass header.i=@gmail.com Reply-To: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com Precedence: list Mailing-list: list lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com; contact lojban-beginners+owners@googlegroups.com List-ID: X-Google-Group-Id: 300742228892 List-Post: , List-Help: , List-Archive: Sender: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com List-Subscribe: , List-Unsubscribe: , Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=bcaec51d29983a34f204d8fd95e3 X-Spam-Score: 1.1 (+) X-Spam_score: 1.1 X-Spam_score_int: 11 X-Spam_bar: + X-Spam-Report: Spam detection software, running on the system "stodi.digitalkingdom.org", has identified this incoming email as possible spam. The original message has been attached to this so you can view it (if it isn't spam) or label similar future email. If you have any questions, see the administrator of that system for details. Content preview: I should say that they don't say this up front. You do eventually get the full picture in both texts, although Lojban for Beginners in my opinion makes terminators seem a little bit intimidating or at least annoying. [...] Content analysis details: (1.1 points, 5.0 required) pts rule name description ---- ---------------------- -------------------------------------------------- 0.0 URIBL_BLOCKED ADMINISTRATOR NOTICE: The query to URIBL was blocked. See http://wiki.apache.org/spamassassin/DnsBlocklists#dnsbl-block for more information. [URIs: googlegroups.com] 0.0 FREEMAIL_FROM Sender email is commonly abused enduser mail provider (blindbravado[at]gmail.com) -0.0 SPF_PASS SPF: sender matches SPF record 1.2 HTML_OBFUSCATE_10_20 BODY: Message is 10% to 20% HTML obfuscation 0.0 HTML_MESSAGE BODY: HTML included in message -0.1 DKIM_VALID_AU Message has a valid DKIM or DK signature from author's domain 0.1 DKIM_SIGNED Message has a DKIM or DK signature, not necessarily valid -0.1 DKIM_VALID Message has at least one valid DKIM or DK signature --bcaec51d29983a34f204d8fd95e3 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 I should say that they don't say this up front. You do eventually get the full picture in both texts, although Lojban for Beginners in my opinion makes terminators seem a little bit intimidating or at least annoying. mi'e la latro'a mu'o On Thu, Mar 28, 2013 at 11:10 AM, Ian Johnson wrote: > {lo merko ku vecnu ti mi} and {lo merko cu vecnu ti mi} do mean the same > thing. Technically, although neither the Wave Lessons, nor Lojban for > Beginners says so, the full version is actually {lo merko ku cu vecnu ti > mi}. This closes the {lo} and then flags that the selbri is coming up. The > reason we don't have to say this is, as the Wave Lessons do a good job of > expressing later on, is that the terminators can be omitted when there is > only one valid parse Once you've closed the {lo} with {ku} in the {ku} > version, there's no way for {vecnu} to bind to {merko} to make a tanru; on > the other hand, once you've said that the main selbri is coming up with > {cu} in the {cu} version, what follows has to be that, it can't be attached > to {merko} to make a tanru otherwise it wouldn't be the main selbri. So in > either case the other one drops. > > Overall I find {ku} to be simpler to understand, especially for beginners, > partly because it is essentially uniform: there's nothing special about > sumti in the front and sumti in the back when you use {ku}. {cu} becomes > more essential when you get into nesting, where you can elide quite a few > terminators at once by using it. > > mi'e la latro'a mu'o > > > On Wed, Mar 27, 2013 at 7:44 PM, Nasya L'Bert wrote: > >> coi ro do, I have been wondering about the difference between using lo >> and ko and using cu. For example, if I want to say "an American sells >> this to me" do the sentences "lo merko ku vecnu ti mi" and "lo merko cu >> vecnu ti mi" mean the same thing? >> >> I know that cu means that a selbri is coming up and separates that from >> the sumti (that could turn into tanru without cu separating it) And that >> lo turns a selbri into a sumti and ko finishes the conversion. .uanaiI'm learning from wave lessons now instead of Lojban for beginners and they >> seem to be showing me different ways to say sentences lol. >> >> >> -- >> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups >> "Lojban Beginners" group. >> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an >> email to lojban-beginners+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >> To post to this group, send email to lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com. >> Visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/lojban-beginners?hl=en >> . >> For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/groups/opt_out. >> >> >> > > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Lojban Beginners" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to lojban-beginners+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. To post to this group, send email to lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com. Visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/lojban-beginners?hl=en. For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/groups/opt_out. --bcaec51d29983a34f204d8fd95e3 Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable I should say that they don't say this up front. You do eventually get t= he full picture in both texts, although Lojban for Beginners in my opinion = makes terminators seem a little bit intimidating or at least annoying.

mi'e la latro'a mu'o

On T= hu, Mar 28, 2013 at 11:10 AM, Ian Johnson <blindbravado@gmail.com= > wrote:
{lo merko ku vecnu ti mi} and {lo merko cu v= ecnu ti mi} do mean the same thing. Technically, although neither the Wave = Lessons, nor Lojban for Beginners says so, the full version is actually {lo= merko ku cu vecnu ti mi}. This closes the {lo} and then flags that the sel= bri is coming up. The reason we don't have to say this is, as the Wave = Lessons do a good job of expressing later on, is that the terminators can b= e omitted when there is only one valid parse=A0 Once you've closed the = {lo} with {ku} in the {ku} version, there's no way for {vecnu} to bind = to {merko} to make a tanru; on the other hand, once you've said that th= e main selbri is coming up with {cu} in the {cu} version, what follows has = to be that, it can't be attached to {merko} to make a tanru otherwise i= t wouldn't be the main selbri. So in either case the other one drops.
Overall I find {ku} to be simpler to understand, especially for beginne= rs, partly because it is essentially uniform: there's nothing special a= bout sumti in the front and sumti in the back when you use {ku}. {cu} becom= es more essential when you get into nesting, where you can elide quite a fe= w terminators at once by using it.

mi'e la latro'a mu'o


On Wed, Mar 27, 2013 at 7:44 PM, Nasya = L'Bert <njkanja@gmail.com> wrote:
coi=A0ro=A0do, =A0= I have been wondering about the difference between using lo and ko=A0and using cu. =A0For example, if I want to say "an= American=A0sells this to me" do the sentences=A0"lo= merko=A0ku=A0vecnu=A0ti=A0mi"=A0and "lo merko=A0cu=A0vecnu=A0ti=A0mi"=A0mean th= e same thing?
=A0
I know that cu=A0means that a selbri=A0is coming up and separates=A0that from the sumti=A0(that c= ould turn into tanru=A0without cu=A0separating=A0= it) And that lo turns a selbri=A0into a sumti=A0a= nd ko=A0finishes the conversion. =A0.uanai<= /span> I'm learning from wave lessons now instead of Lojban=A0for begin= ners=A0and they seem to be showing me different ways to say sentences=A0lol= .


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