From nobody@digitalkingdom.org Fri Feb 17 11:39:06 2006 Received: with ECARTIS (v1.0.0; list lojban-beginners); Fri, 17 Feb 2006 11:39:06 -0800 (PST) Received: from nobody by chain.digitalkingdom.org with local (Exim 4.60) (envelope-from ) id 1FABRa-0001Lk-CR for lojban-beginners-real@lojban.org; Fri, 17 Feb 2006 11:39:06 -0800 Received: from thestonecutters.net ([63.251.19.112] helo=chert.thestonecutters.net) by chain.digitalkingdom.org with esmtp (Exim 4.60) (envelope-from ) id 1FABRY-0001Ld-CY for lojban-beginners@lojban.org; Fri, 17 Feb 2006 11:39:06 -0800 Received: from [192.168.1.170] (p78-77.acedsl.com [66.114.78.77]) by chert.thestonecutters.net (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3F49A148003 for ; Fri, 17 Feb 2006 14:28:47 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: <43F62654.9090809@thestonecutters.net> Date: Fri, 17 Feb 2006 14:39:00 -0500 From: "gvprtskvni (\"you peel us\")" User-Agent: Thunderbird 1.5 (Windows/20051201) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: lojban-beginners@lojban.org Subject: [lojban-beginners] Re: Subjunctive in Lojban References: <3DE4E0C2-34FA-4CDB-A3A1-D0EBD27F7D86@umich.edu> In-Reply-To: <3DE4E0C2-34FA-4CDB-A3A1-D0EBD27F7D86@umich.edu> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Spam-Score: -2.6 (--) X-archive-position: 3067 X-Approved-By: xod@thestonecutters.net X-ecartis-version: Ecartis v1.0.0 Sender: lojban-beginners-bounce@lojban.org Errors-to: lojban-beginners-bounce@lojban.org X-original-sender: xod@thestonecutters.net Precedence: bulk Reply-to: lojban-beginners@lojban.org X-list: lojban-beginners Alex Joseph Martini wrote: > What is the way to exspress the equivalent of the subjunctive mood in > lojban? In American English, this would be the difference between {I > insist that Joe goes to class} and {I insist that Joe go to class}. > The first one is declarative and says that it's true, the second just > says that I *want* it to be true. I think the British English version > of the second sentence is {I insist that Joe should go to class}. > > The distinction is pretty slight in English, so it tends to be > supplemented with other words around it. In all honesty, I didn't even > know that the subjunctive existed until I studied it in Spanish. > > Is there a way to make this distinction in lojban? Unless this has been changed by the BPFK, the CLL shows there are 2 types of UI. One modifies the truth value of the bridi, essentially making it hypothetical. And the other maintains the truth value and expresses an emotion about it. I believe that .a'o (hope) is in the former class.