From nobody@digitalkingdom.org Sun May 20 11:27:57 2007 Received: with ECARTIS (v1.0.0; list lojban-beginners); Sun, 20 May 2007 11:27:57 -0700 (PDT) Received: from nobody by chain.digitalkingdom.org with local (Exim 4.63) (envelope-from ) id 1Hpq8K-0004pj-KY for lojban-beginners-real@lojban.org; Sun, 20 May 2007 11:27:56 -0700 Received: from phma.optus.nu ([166.82.175.165] helo=ixazon.dynip.com) by chain.digitalkingdom.org with esmtp (Exim 4.63) (envelope-from ) id 1Hpq8I-0004pc-7U for lojban-beginners@lojban.org; Sun, 20 May 2007 11:27:56 -0700 Received: from chausie (unknown [192.168.7.4]) by ixazon.dynip.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 14ACECE858 for ; Sun, 20 May 2007 14:27:52 -0400 (EDT) From: Pierre Abbat To: lojban-beginners@lojban.org Subject: [lojban-beginners] Re: distinction between gismu & cmavo Date: Sun, 20 May 2007 14:27:49 -0400 User-Agent: KMail/1.9.5 References: <2f91285f0705201027w32358e69v3e6093496d67cc5d@mail.gmail.com> <200705202035.30924.todurov@gmail.com> <2f91285f0705201055p656e17b8t9dbed4c1255eabdd@mail.gmail.com> In-Reply-To: <2f91285f0705201055p656e17b8t9dbed4c1255eabdd@mail.gmail.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-15" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Message-Id: <200705201427.50794.phma@phma.optus.nu> X-Spam-Score: 0.5 X-Spam-Score-Int: 5 X-Spam-Bar: / X-archive-position: 4542 X-ecartis-version: Ecartis v1.0.0 Sender: lojban-beginners-bounce@lojban.org Errors-to: lojban-beginners-bounce@lojban.org X-original-sender: phma@phma.optus.nu Precedence: bulk Reply-to: lojban-beginners@lojban.org X-list: lojban-beginners On Sunday 20 May 2007 13:55, Vid Sintef wrote: > So, {mi} is a cmavo, and an article isn't required for a cmavo to be used > as a sumti because, I suppose, cmavos don't have any place structure? Many different kinds of words are cmavo. {mi} and {do} and {ko'a} are pronouns - or pro-sumti, since what they stand for doesn't have to be a cmene - and can be a sumti without an article. {du} and {go'i} and {no'a} are pro-verbs (though {du} doesn't have an antecedent), and act just like brivla, including taking an article to make a sumti. So {ko'a du le go'i}. {e} and {joi} and {bi'i} are conjunctions, and there's no way to use them as a sumti, except by quoting them (zo joi vasru ci lerfu). Then there are discursives, attitudinals, terminators, and various other parts of speech, all of which are cmavo. phma