From nobody@digitalkingdom.org Sun Dec 07 05:02:52 2008 Received: with ECARTIS (v1.0.0; list lojban-beginners); Sun, 07 Dec 2008 05:02:53 -0800 (PST) Received: from nobody by chain.digitalkingdom.org with local (Exim 4.69) (envelope-from ) id 1L9JHg-0007oY-5B for lojban-beginners-real@lojban.org; Sun, 07 Dec 2008 05:02:52 -0800 Received: from cdptpa-omtalb.mail.rr.com ([75.180.132.123]) by chain.digitalkingdom.org with esmtp (Exim 4.69) (envelope-from ) id 1L9JHb-0007nM-P2 for lojban-beginners@lojban.org; Sun, 07 Dec 2008 05:02:51 -0800 Received: from chausie ([71.75.215.96]) by cdptpa-omta06.mail.rr.com with ESMTP id <20081207130239.EGHL20835.cdptpa-omta06.mail.rr.com@chausie> for ; Sun, 7 Dec 2008 13:02:39 +0000 Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by chausie (Postfix) with ESMTP id 188D91A5D for ; Sun, 7 Dec 2008 08:02:39 -0500 (EST) From: Pierre Abbat To: lojban-beginners@lojban.org Subject: [lojban-beginners] Re: A few lojban questions... Date: Sun, 7 Dec 2008 08:02:30 -0500 User-Agent: KMail/1.9.6 References: <90c7bfa90812070246r36dd446bp9fc9e51622d7edbb@mail.gmail.com> In-Reply-To: <90c7bfa90812070246r36dd446bp9fc9e51622d7edbb@mail.gmail.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-15" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Message-Id: <200812070802.33003.phma@phma.optus.nu> X-Spam-Score: 0.0 X-Spam-Score-Int: 0 X-Spam-Bar: / X-archive-position: 1080 X-ecartis-version: Ecartis v1.0.0 Sender: lojban-beginners-bounce@lojban.org Errors-to: lojban-beginners-bounce@lojban.org X-original-sender: phma@phma.optus.nu Precedence: bulk Reply-to: lojban-beginners@lojban.org X-list: lojban-beginners On Sunday 07 December 2008 05:46:24 jknilinux@gmail.com wrote: > Hi, > I'm new, so, well, I have a few questions related to lojban... > > 2: Is there a predicate-logic-oriented introduction to lojban, or at least > something that shows exactly how predicate logic is related to lojban? > I haven't looked at it too much but, for example, where are the > quantifiers? The quantifiers are number words followed by "da", "de", or "di" (if you need more than three variables, you can add subscripts). They can be placed in a prenex, which is placed at the beginning of the sentence and ends with the word "zo'u". (Prenexes are also used for topic-comment constructions.) naku ro da poi remna zo'u vo de kanro ke cimoi zalde'i da Not every human has four healthy third molars. > 4: Finally, is there a one-to-one correlation between letters and sounds, > and between spelling and words, and between words and sound? For example, > are there two letters that sound the same, like k and c in english, or two > words that sound the same or spell the same, like can and can or fish and > phish? As long as you don't use numerals or abbreviations, there is a one-to-one correspondence between letters (including y'y, but not denpa bu or slaka bu) and phonemes (except the glottal stop, which is written with denpa bu and does not occur within words). There is not a one-to-one correspondence between letters and allophones; the r's in "firxra", "pritu", "romge", "bakrto", and "mianmar" are at least four different allophones. (lo bakrto is some animal mentioned in the Bible; "bakrto" is the shortest type-3 fu'ivla.) "mianmar" and "mian,mar" are the same word and are pronounced the same. "fasygug .i", "fasygug. .i", and "fasygug. i" are the same words. There are no homonyms among brivla or cmavo, although there are some brivla whose breadth of meaning is (at least to me) unclear. All jbari are fruits, but I'm not sure whether the word means "berry" in the botanical sense (which includes oranges but not raspberries) or in the colloquial sense (which includes raspberries but not oranges). Homonyms exist among cmevla: "jan" can be a French name or a Chinese name, and "frans" can be the name of a country or a person. Pierre