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Date: Tue, 14 Aug 2012 19:50:53 +0100
From: And Rosta <and.rosta@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [lojban] Revising mu'ei and CAhA once again. Possible worlds.
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Jorge Llamb=EDas, On 05/08/2012 18:38:
> On Sun, Aug 5, 2012 at 2:16 PM, Gleki Arxokuna
> <gleki.is.my.name@gmail.com>  wrote:
>>
>> bi'ai is described as naka'ena which in my scheme is equal to {ca'a}.
>
> I can't see your scheme without registering to Facebook, but "ca'a"
> ("actually") is not the same as ""bi'ai"=3D"naka'ena" ("necessarily").
>
> If something is necessarily the case, then it must be actually the
> case, but not the other way around. You may hold a philosophical
> position that says that everything that is the case is necessarily so
> (i.e. it could not have been any different), but linguistically it
> doesn't work, because we can and do talk about how things could have
> been different. If everything necessarily had to be the way it is,
> nothing could have been different.

"If p is the case then q is necessarily the case" doesn't entail that q is =
the case; only when p is the case does it entail that q is the case.

As the blessed Jim McCawley once pointed out to me on the one occasion I ha=
d the good fortune to meet him:

(Today is Tuesday)
"If today is Thursday then tomorrow is Friday"
    true if interpreted as a conditional
    true if interpreted as so-called 'logical-if' (=3D either tomorrow is F=
riday or today is not Thursday)
"If today is Thursday then tomorrow is Wednesday"
    false if interpreted as a conditional
    true if interpreted as 'logical-if'
"If today is Tuesday then tomorrow is Wednesday"
    true if interpreted as a conditional
    true if interpreted as 'logical-if'
"If today is Thursday then tomorrow is wednesday"
    false if interpreted as a conditional
    true if interpreted as 'logical-if'

It was McCawley who explained to me the logic of conditionals.

--And.

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