Received: from mail-vc0-f189.google.com ([209.85.220.189]:64221) by stodi.digitalkingdom.org with esmtps (TLSv1:RC4-SHA:128) (Exim 4.76) (envelope-from ) id 1T2xJn-0007fW-71; Sat, 18 Aug 2012 21:41:08 -0700 Received: by vcbfl10 with SMTP id fl10sf5106263vcb.16 for ; Sat, 18 Aug 2012 21:40:48 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=googlegroups.com; s=beta; h=x-beenthere:received-spf:mime-version:in-reply-to:references:from :date:message-id:subject:to:x-original-sender :x-original-authentication-results:reply-to:precedence:mailing-list :list-id:x-google-group-id:list-post:list-help:list-archive:sender :list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe:content-type; bh=/AA3YG1fdrhtjJ3BXOVUiWVZIroBCW57faavFryamxo=; b=lpqUbb8WWFRV0vB36Ya2b70JmJxm065lrpMhqyQAX4dfNv9ta69bdJm3nWdBHCahdh sltKfHDF3SdgTAYJ+RSwIq8N2UkWWfX/0ZudVS1Glw6A3ccprGqKlqDmWAB5XNTMBBXw PRpzz76tiNl74W5WBmCpPPOSp5GtJKOP/X7iM= Received: by 10.50.95.202 with SMTP id dm10mr1291713igb.2.1345351248222; Sat, 18 Aug 2012 21:40:48 -0700 (PDT) X-BeenThere: lojban@googlegroups.com Received: by 10.231.74.223 with SMTP id v31ls6121061ibj.0.gmail; Sat, 18 Aug 2012 21:40:47 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.43.9.8 with SMTP id ou8mr1783313icb.4.1345351247501; Sat, 18 Aug 2012 21:40:47 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.43.9.8 with SMTP id ou8mr1783311icb.4.1345351247483; Sat, 18 Aug 2012 21:40:47 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mail-ob0-f194.google.com (mail-ob0-f194.google.com [209.85.214.194]) by gmr-mx.google.com with ESMTPS id ad4si2824651igc.1.2012.08.18.21.40.47 (version=TLSv1/SSLv3 cipher=OTHER); Sat, 18 Aug 2012 21:40:47 -0700 (PDT) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of lytlesw@gmail.com designates 209.85.214.194 as permitted sender) client-ip=209.85.214.194; Received: by obbun3 with SMTP id un3so2258357obb.9 for ; Sat, 18 Aug 2012 21:40:47 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.60.169.8 with SMTP id aa8mr7334817oec.109.1345351247055; Sat, 18 Aug 2012 21:40:47 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: by 10.76.74.65 with HTTP; Sat, 18 Aug 2012 21:40:16 -0700 (PDT) In-Reply-To: <683d860a-1d75-4f50-995e-0d14af26fe81@googlegroups.com> References: <23861931-0238-4ac4-a76e-60a8ea1b4d75@googlegroups.com> <502E37FF.5000500@gmx.de> <3c8e9a9a-2f9b-4c00-8052-ebe2605507c8@googlegroups.com> <4e4d586e-9b38-4367-9bc8-6ac533896be3@googlegroups.com> <683d860a-1d75-4f50-995e-0d14af26fe81@googlegroups.com> From: MorphemeAddict Date: Sun, 19 Aug 2012 00:40:16 -0400 Message-ID: Subject: Re: [lojban] {ko}, {xa'e}, {.e'u}, {e'o} To: lojban@googlegroups.com X-Original-Sender: lytlesw@gmail.com X-Original-Authentication-Results: gmr-mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: domain of lytlesw@gmail.com designates 209.85.214.194 as permitted sender) smtp.mail=lytlesw@gmail.com; dkim=pass header.i=@gmail.com Reply-To: lojban@googlegroups.com Precedence: list Mailing-list: list lojban@googlegroups.com; contact lojban+owners@googlegroups.com List-ID: X-Google-Group-Id: 1004133512417 List-Post: , List-Help: , List-Archive: Sender: lojban@googlegroups.com List-Subscribe: , List-Unsubscribe: , Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=bcaec54a35ca2dcaff04c796ff61 X-Spam-Score: -0.7 (/) X-Spam_score: -0.7 X-Spam_score_int: -6 X-Spam_bar: / --bcaec54a35ca2dcaff04c796ff61 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 On Sun, Aug 19, 2012 at 12:33 AM, la gleki wrote: > > > On Sunday, August 19, 2012 7:21:06 AM UTC+4, .arpis. wrote: > >> It's grammatical; it means something subtly different and relies on an >> irrealis interpretation of attitudinals. >> >> On Sat, Aug 18, 2012 at 10:37 PM, la gleki wrote: >> >>> >>> >>> On Saturday, August 18, 2012 11:37:31 PM UTC+4, .arpis. wrote: >>>> >>>> It is {e'o/pe'u}; it's also {ko} >>>> >>>> {ko e'o muvgau lo victerlu'i vi'opei .tit.} >>>> >>>> {ko} represents the part of the meaning that indicates that the >>>> listener is expected to be active in making the sentence true. >>>> >>> {do e'o muvgau ...} - is it grammatical? >>> >>>> >>>> On Sat, Aug 18, 2012 at 2:48 PM, la gleki wrote: >>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> On Saturday, August 18, 2012 9:26:23 PM UTC+4, .arpis. wrote: >>>>>> >>>>>> "Go and take out the trash, will you, honey?" is an imperative. If >>>>>> you tell me that it's also an order, I'll concede that we have different >>>>>> definitions of "order". >>>>>> >>>>> It sounds like {.e'o/pe'u} >>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> On Sat, Aug 18, 2012 at 12:49 PM, MorphemeAddict wrote: >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> On Sat, Aug 18, 2012 at 12:39 PM, .arpis. wrote: >>>>>>> >>>>>>>> That is absolutely false. {ko} is simply the word for an imperative >>>>>>>> mood, with no other implications; it's not necessarily an order. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> That makes sense. > If {ko} is just an imperative in it's generalized meaning then {.e'o} and > {COMMAND} would modify it. It has been > already discussed that {ko} probably has no shade of harshness. Which leads > to another question: > How to say "{COMMAND/ORDER} ko klama"? Again new cmavo? Or just {le'o}? > Wait a minute. arpis's example of a request using imperatives was in English. In Lojban, the imperative meaning is always and only that of giving an order/command, i.e., telling someone to do something (, which in English also carries the expectation that the command will be obeyed), or as hinted by someone, to cause the sentence to be true. stevo > > One more question, whats the difference between {pe'u do}, {pe'u ko} and > {ko .e'o}? > >> >>>>>>> Hunh? An imperative *is *necessarily an order. That's the >>>>>>> definition of imperative. >>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> On Sat, Aug 18, 2012 at 11:32 AM, la gleki wrote: >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> {.e'u} and {ko} largely differ in the fact that after insubmission >>>>>>>>> after {ko} you might be executed by your commander whereas after {.e'u} you >>>>>>>>> would probably survive. zo'o >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>> "Insubmission" is a new and useful word for me. Thanks for using it! >>>>>>> >>>>>>> stevo >>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> On Friday, August 17, 2012 4:24:31 PM UTC+4, selpa'i wrote: >>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>> Am 17.08.2012 13:47, schrieb Paul Predkiewicz: >>>>>>>>>> > but {xa'e} is a rafsi of {xance}, how would you use it to say >>>>>>>>>> such >>>>>>>>>> > things as "let's go"? >>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>> -xa'e- is the rafsi, but xa'e as a cmavo is a LAhE (even though I >>>>>>>>>> wish >>>>>>>>>> it was UI) that makes it so that the sumti it's used on is >>>>>>>>>> treated as if >>>>>>>>>> it was ko, i.e. a third-person command. >>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>> xa'e lo gerku cu cliva >>>>>>>>>> "The dogs shall leave!" >>>>>>>>>> "May the dogs leave!" >>>>>>>>>> "I want the dogs to leave." >>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>> Whether it's very useful is another question. {.e'u} will usually >>>>>>>>>> be >>>>>>>>>> enough for cohortatives at least. >>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>> mu'o mi'e la selpa'i >>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>> -- >>>>>>>>>> pilno zo le xu .i lo dei bangu cu se cmene zo lojbo .e nai zo >>>>>>>>>> lejbo >>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>> -- >>>>>>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>>>>>>> Groups "lojban" group. >>>>>>>>> To view this discussion on the web visit >>>>>>>>> https://groups.google.com/d/**ms****g/lojban/-/uwcGoYr3b0UJ >>>>>>>>> . >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> To post to this group, send email to loj...@googlegroups.com. >>>>>>>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban+un...@** >>>>>>>>> googlegroups.com. >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/** >>>>>>>>> group****/lojban?hl=en >>>>>>>>> . >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> -- >>>>>>>> mu'o mi'e .arpis. >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> -- >>>>>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>>>>>> Groups "lojban" group. >>>>>>>> To post to this group, send email to loj...@googlegroups.com. >>>>>>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban+un...@** >>>>>>>> googlegroups.com. >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/** >>>>>>>> group****/lojban?hl=en >>>>>>>> . >>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> -- >>>>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>>>>> Groups "lojban" group. >>>>>>> To post to this group, send email to loj...@googlegroups.com. >>>>>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban+un...@** >>>>>>> googlegroups.com. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/** >>>>>>> group****/lojban?hl=en >>>>>>> . >>>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> -- >>>>>> mu'o mi'e .arpis. >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> -- >>>> mu'o mi'e .arpis. >>>> >>>> >> >> >> -- >> mu'o mi'e .arpis. >> >> -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "lojban" group. > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msg/lojban/-/uEHyocerN1kJ. > > To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. > To unsubscribe from this group, send email to > lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. > For more options, visit this group at > http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=en. > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "lojban" group. To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=en. --bcaec54a35ca2dcaff04c796ff61 Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

On Sun, Aug 19, 2012 at 12:33 AM, la gle= ki <gleki.is.my.name@gmail.com> wrote:


On Sunday, August 19, 2012 7:21:06 AM UTC+4, .arp= is. wrote:
I= t's grammatical; it means something subtly different and relies on an i= rrealis interpretation of attitudinals.

On Sat, Aug 18, 2012= at 10:37 PM, la gleki <gleki.is...@gmail.com&g= t; wrote:


On Saturday, August 18, 2012 11= :37:31 PM UTC+4, .arpis. wrote:
It is {e'o/pe'u}; it's also {ko}

{ko e'o muvgau lo v= icterlu'i vi'opei .tit.}

{ko} represents the part of the mea= ning that indicates that the listener is expected to be active in making th= e sentence true.
=A0{do e'o muvgau ...} - is it grammatical?

On Sat, Aug 18, 2012 at 2:48 PM, la gleki <gleki.is...@gmail.com> wrote:


On Saturday, August 18, 2012 9:26:23 PM UTC+4, .arpis. wrote:<= blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0;margin-left:0.8ex;border= -left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">"Go and take out the trash, wil= l you, honey?" is an imperative. If you tell me that it's also an = order, I'll concede that we have different definitions of "order&q= uot;.
It sounds like {.e'o/pe'u}=A0

On Sat, Aug 18, 2012 at 12:49 PM, MorphemeAddict <l= yt...@gmail.com> wrote:


On Sat, Aug 18, 2012 at 12:39 = PM, .arpis. <rpglover...@gmail.com> w= rote:
That is absolutely false. {ko} is simply the word for an imperative mood, w= ith no other implications; it's not necessarily an order.
<= /div>
That makes sense.
If {ko} is just an imperative in it's generalized meaning then = {.e'o} and {COMMAND} would modify it. It has= =A0been already discussed that {ko} probably has no shade of harshness. Whi= ch leads to another question:
How to say "{COMMAND/ORDER} ko klama"? Again new cmavo? Or j= ust {le'o}?

Wait a minute. arpis&= #39;s example of a request using imperatives was in English. In Lojban, the= imperative meaning is always and only that of giving an order/command, i.e= ., telling someone to do something (, which in English also carries the exp= ectation that the command will be obeyed), or as hinted by someone, to caus= e the sentence to be true. =A0

stevo

One more question, whats the difference between {pe'u do}, {pe&#= 39;u ko} and {ko .e'o}?

Hunh? An imp= erative is necessarily an order. That's the definition of impera= tive.=A0

On Sat, Aug 18, 2012 at 11:32 AM, la gleki <gleki.is...@gmail.com> wrote:
{.e'u} and {ko} largely differ in the fa= ct that after insubmission after {ko} you might be executed by your command= er whereas after {.e'u} you would probably survive. zo'o

"Insubmission= " is a new and useful word for me. Thanks for using it!

=
stevo=A0


On Friday, August 17, 2012 4:24:31 PM UTC+4, selpa'i wrote:Am 17.08.2012 13:47, schrieb Paul Predk= iewicz:
> but {xa'e} is a rafsi of {xance}, how would you use it to say = such=20
> things as "let's go"?

-xa'e- is the rafsi, but xa'e as a cmavo is a LAhE (even though= I wish=20
it was UI) that makes it so that the sumti it's used on is treated = as if=20
it was ko, i.e. a third-person command.

=A0 =A0 =A0xa'e lo gerku cu cliva
=A0 =A0 =A0"The dogs shall leave!"
=A0 =A0 =A0"May the dogs leave!"
=A0 =A0 =A0"I want the dogs to leave."

Whether it's very useful is another question. {.e'u} will usual= ly be=20
enough for cohortatives at least.

mu'o mi'e la selpa'i

--=20
pilno zo le xu .i lo dei bangu cu se cmene zo lojbo .e nai zo lejbo

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups &= quot;lojban" group.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com= /d/msg/lojban/-/uwcGoYr3b0UJ.

=20 To post to this group, send email to loj...@googlegroups.com.
To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban+un...@google= groups.com.

For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/grou= p/lojban?hl=3Den.



=
--
mu'o mi'e .arpis.
<= /span>


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--
= mu'o mi'e .arpis.




--
mu&#= 39;o mi'e .arpis.




-- mu'o mi'e .arpis.

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups &= quot;lojban" group.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com= /d/msg/lojban/-/uEHyocerN1kJ.
=20 To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com.
To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban+unsubscribe@googlegrou= ps.com.
For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/lojba= n?hl=3Den.

--
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