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[98.139.53.206]) by gmr-mx.google.com with SMTP id s10si698676igs.0.2012.08.31.16.05.47; Fri, 31 Aug 2012 16:05:47 -0700 (PDT) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: best guess record for domain of kali9putra@yahoo.com designates 98.139.53.206 as permitted sender) client-ip=98.139.53.206; Received: from [98.139.52.189] by nm4.bullet.mail.ac4.yahoo.com with NNFMP; 31 Aug 2012 23:05:47 -0000 Received: from [66.94.237.99] by tm2.bullet.mail.ac4.yahoo.com with NNFMP; 31 Aug 2012 23:05:47 -0000 Received: from [127.0.0.1] by omp1004.access.mail.mud.yahoo.com with NNFMP; 31 Aug 2012 23:05:47 -0000 X-Yahoo-Newman-Property: ymail-3 X-Yahoo-Newman-Id: 334544.41680.bm@omp1004.access.mail.mud.yahoo.com Received: (qmail 22215 invoked by uid 60001); 31 Aug 2012 23:05:46 -0000 X-YMail-OSG: YXXurJcVM1n6mMVIazxttcoD6FNWRkt3AFnTP4hojVdycF3 LApanVei3Xd9GqLgFU6mRl5L1d0iKzuhzNw3swJel8ipCletm7LWtYIGcxzy RvhYEivwNhCtZlIYjLhnnKstWdEvOrvZ_9XjwaNGVlEp8A9iQauzUxjFadNP a.9jRKqA_e3K2IGelI.LYRCsoLLf54deBUAbfi13dGBdL9gDp25Nn7_.1Ab7 ohrTDjUJaVAvsoPb6NpDhj3Jf_3uCw70.dszy3eT2RlXHmxAOnyqFUqR7UYE ZCv5tX_wzUn8DXZ6q.bZL.XqRptvU7wgbRMFiz2Q3X2Z3XLJIqKN94k5YDIO JjTDtbOSjza5H3qT8tO0.rg9CDITcwivsQDt52YfawkWgZAM7bl6.ONd.LlT X5j37zQJ8Ny5JVeLPAgnDrGLAL7yfoDP095mgfmr8ds6QoJnAusc4NY5Zvkf Lv9eCDJjnp1wzQDC2AgVkcxMH097G2CgyjGok.7QkgoD1y_V26xYiCWOHTY6 SPzC5.6AeVW6R9RtucpWzuvYsHMmHUacvYdoH.9GBb7Aw9EkZAnJLi0tBmYx fBkw5wmYcXbAC2cLy6SvRZHM3WuoSxFZX3kPb0h7xIb3MGA-- Received: from [99.92.108.194] by web184406.mail.bf1.yahoo.com via HTTP; Fri, 31 Aug 2012 16:05:46 PDT X-Mailer: YahooMailWebService/0.8.121.416 References: <502A81EB.2000005@gmail.com> <502A9A2C.20606@gmail.com> <55e70b7d-e835-423b-8557-8ae88b88a4e2@googlegroups.com> <504112FA.4010001@gmail.com> Message-ID: <1346454346.99385.YahooMailNeo@web184406.mail.bf1.yahoo.com> Date: Fri, 31 Aug 2012 16:05:46 -0700 (PDT) From: John E Clifford Reply-To: lojban@googlegroups.com Subject: Re: [lojban] Revising mu'ei and CAhA once again. Possible worlds. To: "lojban@googlegroups.com" In-Reply-To: <504112FA.4010001@gmail.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Original-Sender: kali9putra@yahoo.com X-Original-Authentication-Results: gmr-mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: best guess record for domain of kali9putra@yahoo.com designates 98.139.53.206 as permitted sender) smtp.mail=kali9putra@yahoo.com; dkim=pass (test mode) header.i=@yahoo.com Precedence: list Mailing-list: list lojban@googlegroups.com; contact lojban+owners@googlegroups.com List-ID: X-Google-Group-Id: 1004133512417 List-Post: , List-Help: , List-Archive: Sender: lojban@googlegroups.com List-Subscribe: , List-Unsubscribe: , Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="1789658926-512593719-1346454346=:99385" X-Spam-Score: 0.0 (/) X-Spam_score: 0.0 X-Spam_score_int: 0 X-Spam_bar: / --1789658926-512593719-1346454346=:99385 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Using {da'i} with truth-functional connectives is, of course, dissonant, si= nce a {da'i} sentence has no truth value.=A0 But we do allow this is some o= ther cases, so perhaps this is no harm.=A0 While it is true that "I suppose= " and the like don't generate conditionals in a direct way, the usual reaso= ns for such suppositions is to consider what would happen if the suppositio= n were true.=A0 This is a longer task than can be handled in a simple condi= tional, although the results can be summarized in one -- and usually is.=A0= Hence the paragraph marker suggestion (on analogy with the inset or boxing= conventions of ordinary logic for reductioand conditional proof). ________________________________ From: And Rosta To: lojban@googlegroups.com=20 Sent: Friday, August 31, 2012 2:39 PM Subject: Re: [lojban] Revising mu'ei and CAhA once again. Possible worlds. =20 la gleki, On 31/08/2012 17:48: > On Tuesday, August 14, 2012 10:34:20 PM UTC+4, And Rosta wrote: > >=A0 =A0 Gleki Arxokuna, On 14/08/2012 18:23: >=A0 =A0 =A0 > I wish Robin started using {mu'ei} again but >=A0 =A0 =A0 > it's really when usage decides. May be human brain just does= n't want >=A0 =A0 =A0 > to deal with A-level at such level of precision. May be {ka'= e/na >=A0 =A0 =A0 > ka'e/ka'ei/bia'i} or even {bi'ai} is enough. > >=A0 =A0 The evidence of natural language is to the contrary. The could/pr= obably/would contrast is the some/most/all contrast. > >=A0 =A0 =A0 > The use of {da'i} is interesting. For a logical language it'= s >=A0 =A0 =A0 > completely deplorable, because there's a complete mismatch b= etween >=A0 =A0 =A0 > the lexicosyntactic form and the logical form, and no explic= it rule >=A0 =A0 =A0 > about how to get from one to the other -- it works by mere s= tipulated >=A0 =A0 =A0 > magic. But it caught on among those impatient to be actively= using >=A0 =A0 =A0 > the language, and nicely illustrated the fundamental incompa= tibility >=A0 =A0 =A0 > between a loglang and a language governed by the principle o= f "let >=A0 =A0 =A0 > usage decide". >=A0 =A0 =A0 > >=A0 =A0 =A0 > May be we can determine the most common usage of {da'i} and = redefine >=A0 =A0 =A0 > it from the point of view of A/M/F-level scheme? May be we s= hould >=A0 =A0 =A0 > perform analysis of Lojban corpus and tatoeba sentences? > >=A0 =A0 {da'i} is in UI, isn't it? So it doesn't have the right grammatic= al properties. > > It is in UI. If I "discovered" A and F levels why not bind {da'i} to A-le= vel i.e. make it a synonym of {ka'e} but without changing the grammar and s= elmaho > and {da'inai} would be "equal" to {ca'a}. Because {da'i} should be a marker of mood -- of hypothetical, unassertive m= ood; whereas, ka'e is a modal of possibility. Modals involve quantification= over possible states of affairs of various sorts. Moods involve a relation= between the speaker and the proposition -- the speaker asserts p to be tru= e, the speaker wishes p were true, the speaker entertains the idea of p, th= e speaker asks whether p is true, and so forth. (There's no harm in marking the protasis and/or apodosis of a conditional w= ith da'i, but da'i doesn't generate conditional semantics.) --And. --=20 You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "= lojban" group. To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban+unsubscribe@googlegrou= ps.com. For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/lojban= ?hl=3Den. --=20 You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "= lojban" group. To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban+unsubscribe@googlegrou= ps.com. For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/lojban= ?hl=3Den. --1789658926-512593719-1346454346=:99385 Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Using {da'i} with tru= th-functional connectives is, of course, dissonant, since a {da'i} sentence= has no truth value.  But w= e do allow this is some other cases, so perhaps this is no harm.  Whil= e it is true that "I suppose" and the like don't generate conditionals in a= direct way, the usual reasons for such suppositions is to consider what wo= uld happen if the supposition were true.  This is a longer task than c= an be handled in a simple conditional, although the results can be summariz= ed in one -- and usually is.  Hence the paragraph marker suggestion (o= n analogy with the inset or boxing conventions of ordinary logic for reductio and conditional proof).



From: And Rosta &l= t;and.rosta@gmail.com>
To: lojban@googlegroups.com
= Sent: Friday, August 31, 2012 2:39 PM
Subject: Re: [lojban] Revising mu'ei and CAhA on= ce again. Possible worlds.

la gleki, On 31/08/2012 17:48:
> On Tuesday, August 14, 2012 10:34:20= PM UTC+4, And Rosta wrote:
>
>    Gleki Arxokuna, O= n 14/08/2012 18:23:
>      > I wish Robin started u= sing {mu'ei} again but
>      > it's really when us= age decides. May be human brain just doesn't want
>    &nbs= p; > to deal with A-level at such level of precision. May be {ka'e/na>      > ka'e/ka'ei/bia'i} or even {bi'ai} is enough.=
>
>    The evidence of natural language is to the c= ontrary. The could/probably/would contrast is the some/most/all contrast.>
>      > The use of {da'i} is interesting. F= or a logical language it's
>      > completely depl= orable, because there's a complete mismatch between
>    &n= bsp; > the lexicosyntactic form and the logical form, and no explicit rule
>      > about how to get from one t= o the other -- it works by mere stipulated
>      >= magic. But it caught on among those impatient to be actively using
>=       > the language, and nicely illustrated the fundamen= tal incompatibility
>      > between a loglang and = a language governed by the principle of "let
>      &g= t; usage decide".
>      >
>    &nb= sp; > May be we can determine the most common usage of {da'i} and redefi= ne
>      > it from the point of view of A/M/F-leve= l scheme? May be we should
>      > perform analysi= s of Lojban corpus and tatoeba sentences?
>
>    {da= 'i} is in UI, isn't it? So it doesn't have the right grammatical properties= .
>
> It is in UI. If I "discovered" A and F levels why not bind {da'i} to A-level i.e. make it a synonym of {ka'e} but without ch= anging the grammar and selmaho
> and {da'inai} would be "equal" to {c= a'a}.

Because {da'i} should be a marker of mood -- of hypothetical, = unassertive mood; whereas, ka'e is a modal of possibility. Modals involve q= uantification over possible states of affairs of various sorts. Moods invol= ve a relation between the speaker and the proposition -- the speaker assert= s p to be true, the speaker wishes p were true, the speaker entertains the = idea of p, the speaker asks whether p is true, and so forth.

(There'= s no harm in marking the protasis and/or apodosis of a conditional with da'= i, but da'i doesn't generate conditional semantics.)

--And.

-= -
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To= unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban+uns= ubscribe@googlegroups.com.
For more options, visit this group at htt= p://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=3Den.



=

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