Received: from mail-ob0-f185.google.com ([209.85.214.185]:43306) by stodi.digitalkingdom.org with esmtps (TLSv1:RC4-SHA:128) (Exim 4.76) (envelope-from ) id 1To4fG-0006Yu-PT; Wed, 26 Dec 2012 20:02:08 -0800 Received: by mail-ob0-f185.google.com with SMTP id dn14sf5218940obc.22 for ; Wed, 26 Dec 2012 20:01:44 -0800 (PST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=googlegroups.com; s=20120806; h=x-received:x-beenthere:x-received:x-received:received-spf :mime-version:in-reply-to:references:from:date:message-id:subject:to :x-original-sender:x-original-authentication-results:reply-to :precedence:mailing-list:list-id:x-google-group-id:list-post :list-help:list-archive:sender:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe :content-type; bh=gDVRZqTGduVvIzW3xU4VZO/wmbLgNAKHu/JbvWlplJg=; b=Cm+emQcDRBtsgmjNpYl8i31VQ72i5JtCAHBXZ1YSVZ7e5nRA4t+iMCvCaAfwwQf3aU 9FRf9T9h6/FSG2KmZhWrHEM29DnBFN0GAG6F2yhUngKpA7QcW4pOlbG7gDni/wwbShfG fIhJf4OQ3AqTAmxr8hzxNKSxIUt1DdSvvMMBu2g3wJDXkHLu61X5mpPX+wlbkfp6ULEj BOLCjULGtuPRrfsQciCAs/LefrU4u8sr9XbRXfmdtnqwrqMzTR3b6AN//lJw2N1AX4KD eghsvGrRfPLWfWCECmhH1EvsSlB6xe56EmcPX2oe6PO5lyGWPIAhyNrk3e46WutKGTIr DMOQ== DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20120113; h=x-received:x-beenthere:x-received:x-received:received-spf :mime-version:in-reply-to:references:from:date:message-id:subject:to :x-original-sender:x-original-authentication-results:reply-to :precedence:mailing-list:list-id:x-google-group-id:list-post :list-help:list-archive:sender:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe :content-type; bh=gDVRZqTGduVvIzW3xU4VZO/wmbLgNAKHu/JbvWlplJg=; b=UYtgLKOWE4PuHMR/1M/xdbTwVDMpCQWrL/Tx3Nj3Sq/D8A8OguBIKfU2kJYHXmt52o PQLssNhBSI8gPCAA2Y/xw54Q+ruTZ3Z4aFPbF+NVJELzX6bi6G5tevyW2ML+yQRQGwE0 DuwVSjMZV4R0ilJSGT5pCEku+5TdSd0DffbKEHkTSLJ6P6wHM3eDNIXjeNghwkWb8E2z 6b2Um0/XPo5YU8Vg5olHWdUZ0nDbErsSIQiLeBYDvRe5ML0gnmQzgubPut/nySIEXLgX toVrcDrbCOG4UFvo+KdXOV5rAJN6ZnmYM5W8qQbEmM2H5WxkuQeNu1m1E7g2k6U06Lxh 4kgg== X-Received: by 10.49.63.164 with SMTP id h4mr4331841qes.39.1356580903817; Wed, 26 Dec 2012 20:01:43 -0800 (PST) X-BeenThere: lojban@googlegroups.com Received: by 10.49.25.41 with SMTP id z9ls4005958qef.83.gmail; Wed, 26 Dec 2012 20:01:42 -0800 (PST) X-Received: by 10.58.15.10 with SMTP id t10mr14253423vec.6.1356580902527; Wed, 26 Dec 2012 20:01:42 -0800 (PST) X-Received: by 10.58.15.10 with SMTP id t10mr14253422vec.6.1356580902491; Wed, 26 Dec 2012 20:01:42 -0800 (PST) Received: from mail-vb0-f41.google.com (mail-vb0-f41.google.com [209.85.212.41]) by gmr-mx.google.com with ESMTPS id d17si8843215vdt.1.2012.12.26.20.01.42 (version=TLSv1/SSLv3 cipher=OTHER); Wed, 26 Dec 2012 20:01:42 -0800 (PST) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of nictytan@gmail.com designates 209.85.212.41 as permitted sender) client-ip=209.85.212.41; Received: by mail-vb0-f41.google.com with SMTP id l22so9506544vbn.28 for ; Wed, 26 Dec 2012 20:01:42 -0800 (PST) Received: by 10.52.177.137 with SMTP id cq9mr38976609vdc.58.1356580902351; Wed, 26 Dec 2012 20:01:42 -0800 (PST) MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: by 10.52.65.233 with HTTP; Wed, 26 Dec 2012 20:01:21 -0800 (PST) In-Reply-To: References: <44e6fb5c-91f3-47ba-817c-8560c9c6ca14@googlegroups.com> <50DB3C14.9060303@gmx.de> <20121226185805.GH7855@samsa.fritz.box> <3641882.8sMyCj0ouv@caracal> From: Jacob Errington Date: Wed, 26 Dec 2012 23:01:21 -0500 Message-ID: Subject: Re: [lojban] "Any" and {ro} To: lojban@googlegroups.com X-Original-Sender: nictytan@gmail.com X-Original-Authentication-Results: gmr-mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: domain of nictytan@gmail.com designates 209.85.212.41 as permitted sender) smtp.mail=nictytan@gmail.com; dkim=pass header.i=@gmail.com Reply-To: lojban@googlegroups.com Precedence: list Mailing-list: list lojban@googlegroups.com; contact lojban+owners@googlegroups.com List-ID: X-Google-Group-Id: 1004133512417 List-Post: , List-Help: , List-Archive: Sender: lojban@googlegroups.com List-Subscribe: , List-Unsubscribe: , Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=20cf3071cae8cb32f404d1cd9a91 X-Spam-Score: -0.1 (/) X-Spam_score: -0.1 X-Spam_score_int: 0 X-Spam_bar: / --20cf3071cae8cb32f404d1cd9a91 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 The "exactly" comes from what quantifiers *do* in the case of quantified variables. In Lojban, quantifiers are exact, such that if you say .i mi dasni pa cutci when you're really wearing two, you're *lying*. You can verify the CLL to check, but I know this to be true, so I won't bother looking it up for you. Anyway, what I was trying to say when I said that they were very different is simply a refutation of your previous statement, namely: "pa plise = pa lo plise = "one of one or more things which actually is an apple" = an apple (as opposed to "that apple")" This is entirely false, as {pa plise} is most certainly *not* equivalent to {pa lo plise}. As latro'a further pointed out, the semantics are so drastically different that such a slip-up can lead to saying something *completely untrue.* Syntactically -- and only syntactically -- are these two forms similar. .i mi'e la tsani mu'o On 26 December 2012 22:06, Jonathan Jones wrote: > Where do you think "exactly" comes from? Certainly not from {da}, whose > definition is {sumka'i .i pamoi ke logji lairka'e snicne}. > > On Wed, Dec 26, 2012 at 7:52 PM, Ian Johnson wrote: > >> To give a concrete example, consider the difference between {ci remna cu >> nanmu} and {ci lo remna cu nanmu}. The former says "there are exactly three >> humans that are male. The latter says that we're talking about some humans, >> three of whom are male. Note that the former is blatantly false, while the >> latter is true in plenty of contexts. >> >> >> mu'o mi'e la latro'a >> >> On Wed, Dec 26, 2012 at 9:49 PM, Ian Johnson wrote: >> >>> The similarity is nearly all syntactic; the semantics are entirely >>> different. {ci broda cu brode} is an extremely precise statement, saying >>> that there are exactly 3 brodas that brode. {ci lo broda cu brode} is an >>> imprecise statement, saying that there are some brodas that are relevant in >>> context, and three of them brode. It could be that *every* broda brodes >>> in the latter case, if only three brodas are contextually relevant. >>> >>> >>> mu'o mi'e la latro'a >>> >>> On Wed, Dec 26, 2012 at 9:46 PM, Jonathan Jones wrote: >>> >>>> On Wed, Dec 26, 2012 at 7:31 PM, Ian Johnson wrote: >>>> >>>>> zo'e noi ... and da poi ... are completely and totally different. One >>>>> involves context, the other doesn't (or, in some interpretations, >>>>> "approximately doesn't", i.e. context can affect the universe of discourse >>>>> but in any case it is "large"). Moreover, PA lo broda cu brode doesn't >>>>> imply that no other broda1 brode, whereas PA broda cu brode does. >>>>> >>>> >>>> Those are two very small differences. They do not add up to "completely >>>> and totally". >>>> >>>> Both are a variable pro-sumti with an identifying clause attached. That >>>> spells "very similar" to me. >>>> >>>> >>>>> mu'o mi'e la latro'a >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> On Wed, Dec 26, 2012 at 9:25 PM, Jonathan Jones wrote: >>>>> >>>>>> On Wed, Dec 26, 2012 at 2:35 PM, Jacob Errington wrote: >>>>>> >>>>>>> On 26 December 2012 14:09, Jonathan Jones wrote: >>>>>>> >>>>>>>> pa plise = pa lo plise = "one of one or more things which actually >>>>>>>> is an apple" = an apple (as opposed to "that apple") >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>> This was only true in pre-xorlo. Under the gadri proposal, {pa >>>>>>> broda} -> {pa da poi ke'a broda} directly. In xorlo, {pa broda} and {pa lo >>>>>>> broda} are thus very different. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> .i mi'e la tsani mu'o >>>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> No they aren't. >>>>>> >>>>>> {pa lo broda} = {pa zo'e noi ke'a broda} >>>>>> {pa broda} = {pa da poi ke'a broda} >>>>>> >>>>>> {zo'e noi...} and {da poi...} are very similar in meaning. The two >>>>>> phrases may not be "equal", but they are certainly still equivalent. >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>> On Wed, Dec 26, 2012 at 12:04 PM, Pierre Abbat wrote: >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> On Wednesday, December 26, 2012 19:58:05 v4hn wrote: >>>>>>>>> > The question is, what do you answer, if you _don't_ have a >>>>>>>>> specific one >>>>>>>>> > (or a group of specific ones) in mind, but {lo plise} is the >>>>>>>>> most specific >>>>>>>>> > thing you can say? >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> "lo co'e plise"? "lo nalsteci plise"? >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> Pierre >>>>>>>>> -- >>>>>>>>> li fi'u vu'u fi'u fi'u du li pa >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> -- >>>>>>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>>>>>>> Groups "lojban" group. >>>>>>>>> To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. >>>>>>>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >>>>>>>>> lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >>>>>>>>> For more options, visit this group at >>>>>>>>> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=en. >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> -- >>>>>>>> mu'o mi'e .aionys. >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> .i.e'ucai ko cmima lo pilno be denpa bu .i doi.luk. mi patfu do zo'o >>>>>>>> (Come to the Dot Side! Luke, I am your father. :D ) >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> -- >>>>>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>>>>>> Groups "lojban" group. >>>>>>>> To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. >>>>>>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >>>>>>>> lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >>>>>>>> For more options, visit this group at >>>>>>>> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=en. >>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> -- >>>>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>>>>> Groups "lojban" group. >>>>>>> To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. >>>>>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >>>>>>> lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >>>>>>> For more options, visit this group at >>>>>>> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=en. >>>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> -- >>>>>> mu'o mi'e .aionys. >>>>>> >>>>>> .i.e'ucai ko cmima lo pilno be denpa bu .i doi.luk. mi patfu do zo'o >>>>>> (Come to the Dot Side! Luke, I am your father. :D ) >>>>>> >>>>>> -- >>>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>>>> Groups "lojban" group. >>>>>> To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. >>>>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >>>>>> lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >>>>>> For more options, visit this group at >>>>>> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=en. >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>> -- >>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>>> Groups "lojban" group. >>>>> To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. >>>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >>>>> lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >>>>> For more options, visit this group at >>>>> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=en. >>>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> -- >>>> mu'o mi'e .aionys. >>>> >>>> .i.e'ucai ko cmima lo pilno be denpa bu .i doi.luk. mi patfu do zo'o >>>> (Come to the Dot Side! Luke, I am your father. :D ) >>>> >>>> -- >>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>> Groups "lojban" group. >>>> To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. >>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >>>> lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >>>> For more options, visit this group at >>>> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=en. >>>> >>> >>> >> -- >> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups >> "lojban" group. >> To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. >> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >> lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >> For more options, visit this group at >> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=en. >> > > > > -- > mu'o mi'e .aionys. > > .i.e'ucai ko cmima lo pilno be denpa bu .i doi.luk. mi patfu do zo'o > (Come to the Dot Side! Luke, I am your father. :D ) > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "lojban" group. > To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. > To unsubscribe from this group, send email to > lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. > For more options, visit this group at > http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=en. > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "lojban" group. To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=en. --20cf3071cae8cb32f404d1cd9a91 Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable The "exactly" comes from what quantifiers *do* in the case of qua= ntified variables. In Lojban, quantifiers are exact, such that if you say .= i mi dasni pa cutci when you're really wearing two, you're *lying*.= You can verify the CLL to check, but I know this to be true, so I won'= t bother looking it up for you.

Anyway, what I was trying to say when I said that they were very differ= ent is simply a refutation of your previous statement, namely:
"pa plise =3D pa lo pli= se =3D "one of one or more things which actually is an apple" =3D= an apple (as opposed to "that apple")"
This is entirely fa= lse, as {pa plise} is most certainly *not* equivalent to {pa lo plise}. As = latro'a further pointed out, the semantics are so drastically different= that such a slip-up can lead to saying something *completely untrue.*
Syntactically -- an= d only syntactically -- are these two forms similar.

.i mi'e la tsani mu'o
On 26 December 2012 22:06, Jonathan J= ones <eyeonus@gmail.com> wrote:
Where do you think "exactly" comes from? Certainly not from {da},= whose definition is {sumka'i .i pamoi ke logji lairka'e snicne}. <= br>

O= n Wed, Dec 26, 2012 at 7:52 PM, Ian Johnson <blindbravado@gmail.com= > wrote:
To give a concrete example, consider the dif= ference between {ci remna cu nanmu} and {ci lo remna cu nanmu}. The former = says "there are exactly three humans that are male. The latter says th= at we're talking about some humans, three of whom are male. Note that t= he former is blatantly false, while the latter is true in plenty of context= s.


mu'o mi'e la latro'a

On Wed, Dec 26, 2012 at 9:49 PM, Ian Johnson = <blindbravad= o@gmail.com> wrote:
The similarity is nearly all syntactic; the = semantics are entirely different. {ci broda cu brode} is an extremely preci= se statement, saying that there are exactly 3 brodas that brode. {ci lo bro= da cu brode} is an imprecise statement, saying that there are some brodas t= hat are relevant in context, and three of them brode. It could be that e= very broda brodes in the latter case, if only three brodas are contextu= ally relevant.


mu'o mi'e la latro'a

On Wed, Dec 26, 2012 at 9:46 PM, Jonathan Jones <eyeonus@gmail= .com> wrote:
On Wed, Dec = 26, 2012 at 7:31 PM, Ian Johnson <blindbravado@gmail.com> wrote:
zo'e noi ... and da poi ... are completely and totally different. One i= nvolves context, the other doesn't (or, in some interpretations, "= approximately doesn't", i.e. context can affect the universe of di= scourse but in any case it is "large"). Moreover, PA lo broda cu = brode doesn't imply that no other broda1 brode, whereas PA broda cu bro= de does.

Those are two very small differences. They do n= ot add up to "completely and totally".

Both are a variable= pro-sumti with an identifying clause attached. That spells "very simi= lar" to me.
=A0
mu'o mi'e la latro'a


On Wed, Dec 26, 2012 at 9:25 PM, Jonathan Jones <eyeonus@gmail.com&g= t; wrote:
On Wed, Dec = 26, 2012 at 2:35 PM, Jacob Errington <nictytan@gmail.com> w= rote:
On 26 December 2012 14:09, Jonathan Jones <eyeonus@gmail.com><= /span> wrote:
pa plise =3D pa lo plise =3D "one of one or more things which actually= is an apple" =3D an apple (as opposed to "that apple")
=


This was only true in pre-xorlo. Under the gadri proposal, {pa broda} ->= {pa da poi ke'a broda} directly. In xorlo, {pa broda} and {pa lo broda= } are thus very different.

.i mi'e la tsa= ni mu'o

No they aren't.

{pa lo b= roda} =3D {pa zo'e noi ke'a broda}
{pa broda} =3D {pa da poi ke&= #39;a broda}

{zo'e noi...} and {da poi...} are very similar in m= eaning. The two phrases may not be "equal", but they are certainl= y still equivalent.
=A0
On Wed, Dec 26, 2012 at 12:04 PM, Pierre Abbat <phma@b= ezitopo.org> wrote:
On Wednesday, December 26, 2012 19:58:0= 5 v4hn wrote:
> The question is, what do you answer, if you _don't_ have a specifi= c one
> (or a group of specific ones) in mind, but {lo plise} is the most spec= ific
> thing you can say?

"lo co'e plise"? "lo nalsteci plise"?

Pierre
--
li fi'u vu'u fi'u fi'u du li pa

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=
--
mu'o mi'e .aio= nys.

.i.e'ucai ko cmima lo pilno be denpa bu .i doi.luk. mi patf= u do zo'o
(Come to the Dot Side! Luke, I am your father. :D )
=

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=
--
mu'o mi'e .aionys.

.i.e'ucai ko cmima lo piln= o be denpa bu .i doi.luk. mi patfu do zo'o
(Come to the Dot Side! Luke, I am your father. :D )

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=
--
mu'o mi'e .aionys.

.i.e'ucai ko cmima lo piln= o be denpa bu .i doi.luk. mi patfu do zo'o
(Come to the Dot Side! Luke, I am your father. :D )

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--
mu'o mi= 'e .aionys.

.i.e'ucai ko cmima lo pilno be denpa bu .i doi.l= uk. mi patfu do zo'o
(Come to the Dot Side! Luke, I am your father. = :D )

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--20cf3071cae8cb32f404d1cd9a91--