Received: from mail-qa0-f62.google.com ([209.85.216.62]:36987) by stodi.digitalkingdom.org with esmtps (TLSv1:RC4-SHA:128) (Exim 4.76) (envelope-from ) id 1TqVkn-0001fq-GH; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:21:57 -0800 Received: by mail-qa0-f62.google.com with SMTP id i20sf9136091qad.27 for ; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:21:31 -0800 (PST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=googlegroups.com; s=20120806; h=x-received:x-beenthere:x-received:x-received:received-spf :mime-version:in-reply-to:references:from:date:message-id:subject:to :x-original-sender:x-original-authentication-results:reply-to :precedence:mailing-list:list-id:x-google-group-id:list-post :list-help:list-archive:sender:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe :content-type; bh=1KD11am39ypzS3ef3FSlDU2WVQt32/x8lg96FXVur6s=; b=CBsMv6BqMvk+1jIYTZGb3C7V0jfJNCpk4xJXkdW7b+xZJKNLq8NKbfwwx3Sc4MDxaL 5fmJfUlLlnmgqE0V4EPQiq6PcotHZM/AUlKSIVUBkHvz0+uNEVEloa2UkAkTqFVXMWLg 3jp5ByY79E30RH+QAsUMFPK/5uoJVa0dMgZ32qeNuqylWXy+5TnLcIA72GkHz8mJQC2K zv98twsVqFIT00UdiNXXyfMcCH70XUdkNNzF1BMhpt88UcuE9jfDRrnxCsweNCWGguFu JeAj4753Pz+PdBLuKXY+D8cDP7rOpapje0vFS1oUSKosGM0bzeQzTmMN4U2soUxOwFLP 9/JQ== DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20120113; h=x-received:x-beenthere:x-received:x-received:received-spf :mime-version:in-reply-to:references:from:date:message-id:subject:to :x-original-sender:x-original-authentication-results:reply-to :precedence:mailing-list:list-id:x-google-group-id:list-post :list-help:list-archive:sender:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe :content-type; bh=1KD11am39ypzS3ef3FSlDU2WVQt32/x8lg96FXVur6s=; b=JUcZwf8EKd4E8NmWCcPvbsuMBHLlhh83zSRq+41I2akbdq3OhrKX+jP8Yfr8b9Wt8k BY/xQsFAoQFb7jUu/rLRSxHkXsRw5P4/B9jLHBUp7nGm0eb3BIL2vmBS+HcsBf+3MPEQ 4QIQ+HGE6Xa+13G/2jxdoQjvTr1nbVXEhSQpdhOETYKlpP5h+sBWMk70Y1jFPIbpTT5o J/MPKUZ7JO1FNgX21uMmVJMsRFvt3NqNCX8p6JED4Kh871vtICN9/FS9sdBxtOHcfFN2 gOYnzqDydC4D61yuh5efLnjSYSEsmIAkPvwIkTT1+MtWaa8US2hHxAz5D8cekR7XMV1Y L4Bw== X-Received: by 10.50.45.226 with SMTP id q2mr15418482igm.0.1357161690634; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:21:30 -0800 (PST) X-BeenThere: lojban@googlegroups.com Received: by 10.50.36.133 with SMTP id q5ls14223622igj.29.canary; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:21:29 -0800 (PST) X-Received: by 10.66.81.170 with SMTP id b10mr6101555pay.31.1357161689895; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:21:29 -0800 (PST) X-Received: by 10.66.81.170 with SMTP id b10mr6101554pay.31.1357161689880; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:21:29 -0800 (PST) Received: from mail-pa0-f42.google.com (mail-pa0-f42.google.com [209.85.220.42]) by gmr-mx.google.com with ESMTPS id uz6si9462055pbc.0.2013.01.02.13.21.29 (version=TLSv1/SSLv3 cipher=OTHER); Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:21:29 -0800 (PST) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of rpglover64@gmail.com designates 209.85.220.42 as permitted sender) client-ip=209.85.220.42; Received: by mail-pa0-f42.google.com with SMTP id rl6so8264016pac.1 for ; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:21:29 -0800 (PST) Received: by 10.66.81.68 with SMTP id y4mr139777374pax.66.1357161689737; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:21:29 -0800 (PST) MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: by 10.68.15.70 with HTTP; Wed, 2 Jan 2013 13:21:09 -0800 (PST) In-Reply-To: References: From: Alex Rozenshteyn Date: Wed, 2 Jan 2013 16:21:09 -0500 Message-ID: Subject: Re: [lojban] Clustering vs polysemy To: Lojban X-Original-Sender: rpglover64@gmail.com X-Original-Authentication-Results: gmr-mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: domain of rpglover64@gmail.com designates 209.85.220.42 as permitted sender) smtp.mail=rpglover64@gmail.com; dkim=pass header.i=@gmail.com Reply-To: lojban@googlegroups.com Precedence: list Mailing-list: list lojban@googlegroups.com; contact lojban+owners@googlegroups.com List-ID: X-Google-Group-Id: 1004133512417 List-Post: , List-Help: , List-Archive: Sender: lojban@googlegroups.com List-Subscribe: , List-Unsubscribe: , Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=f46d042dfea36b68ab04d254d4c2 X-Spam-Score: -0.1 (/) X-Spam_score: -0.1 X-Spam_score_int: 0 X-Spam_bar: / --f46d042dfea36b68ab04d254d4c2 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable o'a nai ro'e I seem to have been working under a mistaken definition of "polysemy". I also seem to have some memory of lojban fighting polysemy, but in this sense, I don't see how or why? On Wed, Jan 2, 2013 at 3:48 PM, Michael Turniansky w= rote: > Wikipedia defines polysemy (as opposed to homonymy) as: > "Charles Fillmore and Beryl Atkins=92 definition stipulates three element= s: > (i) the various senses of a polysemous word have a central origin, (ii) t= he > links between these senses form a network, and (iii) understanding the > =91inner=92 one contributes to understanding of the =91outer=92 one.[3] > " > > I'm not sure blazer falls within that definition (at best it's #1 only)= . > So maybe that's where my confusion lies. > > But I would have no problem with using singleton to mean "the only > person who sleeps in a particular bed" > > --gejyspa > > > On Wed, Jan 2, 2013 at 3:20 PM, .arpis. wrot= e: > >> My best intuition as to the difference is (forgive the Haskell programme= r >> in me) whether the meanings are parametrically polymorphic or ad-hoc >> polymorphic. If the possible meanings of a word are semantically unrelat= ed >> (the first example that popped into my head was "blazer" =3D "one who bl= azes" >> or "light jacket"), then a word is clearly polysemous, but if the penumb= ras >> are so intense that a native speaker would be surprised and confused if = the >> word is used to refer to something outside one of them, that seems simil= ar >> in practice to the polysemy. >> >> >> >> On Wed, Jan 2, 2013 at 3:09 PM, Michael Turniansky > > wrote: >> >>> Your lojban is fine (although I'd use the simpler "pamei" for >>> "singleton"). But I guess what I am curious about is your distinction >>> between the two terms. It seems to me that you asserting that the >>> difference is that one has a central meaning that is in use in many cas= es, >>> whereas the other always refers to the non-central meanings. I'm not su= re >>> that is any kind of distinction that makes sense in lojban. But every = word >>> in lojban has penumbras of meaning. For example, if I talk of a bolci,= am >>> I referring to golf ball or a basketball? Does it matter? In truth, I >>> don't think there can ever be such a thing as a "precise" meaning to a = word >>> in any language, because all language is are a way of classifying the >>> universe/ideas. You can draw boundaries as small as you like to say wh= at's >>> inside one group as oppososed to oustside, but you can always draw othe= r >>> boundaries tighter or more relaxed. >>> >>> So, bottom line is "don't worry too much about it" >>> >>> My two cents, >>> --gejyspa >>> >>> On Fri, Dec 28, 2012 at 2:45 PM, .arpis. w= rote: >>> >>>> I've been wondering about this for a while (and may have asked before, >>>> but I don't recall being answered): where is the border between the tw= o, >>>> and how does lojban address it? >>>> >>>> {mi pu ze'a pensi la'e di'e (to ji'a ju'o cu'i mi pu te preti .i ku'i >>>> na morji lo du'u dafsku toi) .i fi ma sepli fa lo za'e sorsmu [to'i zo= 'oi >>>> *polysemy* toi] lo za'e smugri [to'i zo'oi *clustering* toi] .ije ma >>>> la'e di'u danfu ci'e la .lojban.} >>>> >>>> (Incidentally to my question, I would appreciate input on my lojban.) >>>> >>>> I will illustrate with an example: the word "singleton" can mean "a se= t >>>> with exactly one element", "a single entity which makes all decisions"= , "an >>>> object (in the CS sense) which is only instantiated once", or "a type = which >>>> has only one value"; I observe that all of these senses are special ca= ses >>>> of the first (sometimes implicitly {se}-ed), but when I hear the word,= I >>>> know that it refers to one of those and not, for example, "the only pe= rson >>>> who sleeps in a particular bed". >>>> >>>> Obviously, part of this is context, but it feels to me like there's a >>>> difference between the context of the conversation and the context of = the >>>> society. It would feel silly and facetious for me to say (pretending f= or a >>>> moment that {selte'i} is an adequate translation of "singleton") {mi >>>> selte'i lo ka sipna ti noi ckana}, even if it's technically true. >>>> >>>> Uncommon words seem to take on a clustered, though not quite >>>> polysemous, definition: "It means this in the most general case, but i= t >>>> probably is being used for one of these more specific cases." >>>> >>>> Anyone have any thoughts? Apologies for any incoherence... it sounded >>>> better in my head. >>>> >>>> -- >>>> mu'o mi'e .arpis. >>>> >>>> -- >>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>> Groups "lojban" group. >>>> To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. >>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >>>> lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >>>> For more options, visit this group at >>>> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=3Den. >>>> >>> >>> -- >>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>> Groups "lojban" group. >>> To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. >>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >>> lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >>> For more options, visit this group at >>> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=3Den. >>> >> >> >> >> -- >> mu'o mi'e .arpis. >> >> -- >> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Group= s >> "lojban" group. >> To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. >> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >> lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >> For more options, visit this group at >> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=3Den. >> > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "lojban" group. > To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. > To unsubscribe from this group, send email to > lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. > For more options, visit this group at > http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=3Den. > --=20 Alex R --=20 You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "= lojban" group. To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban+unsubscribe@googlegrou= ps.com. For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/lojban= ?hl=3Den. --f46d042dfea36b68ab04d254d4c2 Content-Type: text/html; charset=windows-1252 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
o'a nai ro'e I seem to have been working under a m= istaken definition of "polysemy". I also seem to have some memory= of lojban fighting polysemy, but in this sense, I don't see how or why= ?


On Wed,= Jan 2, 2013 at 3:48 PM, Michael Turniansky <mturniansky@gmail.com> wrote:
=A0 Wikiped= ia defines polysemy (as opposed to homonymy) as:
"Charles Fillmore and Beryl Atkins=92 definition stipulates= three elements: (i) the various senses of a polysemous word have a central= origin, (ii) the links between these senses form a network, and (iii) unde= rstanding the =91inner=92 one contributes to understanding of the =91outer= =92 one.
[3]"
=A0 I'm not sure blazer falls within that definition (at best it= 9;s #1 only). =A0So maybe that's where my confusion lies.

=A0 =A0But I would have no problem with using singleton to mean "= ;the only person who sleeps in a particular bed"

=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 --gejyspa


On Wed, Jan 2, 2013 = at 3:20 PM, .arpis. <rpglover64+jbobau@gmail.com> = wrote:
My best intuition as to the= difference is (forgive the Haskell programmer in me) whether the meanings = are parametrically polymorphic or ad-hoc polymorphic. If the possible meani= ngs of a word are semantically unrelated (the first example that popped int= o my head was "blazer" =3D "one who blazes" or "li= ght jacket"), then a word is clearly polysemous, but if the penumbras = are so intense that a native speaker would be surprised and confused if the= word is used to refer to something outside one of them, that seems similar= in practice to the polysemy.



On Wed, Jan 2= , 2013 at 3:09 PM, Michael Turniansky <mturniansky@gmail.com> wrote:
=A0 Your lojban is fine (al= though I'd use the simpler "pamei" for "singleton")= . =A0But I guess what I am curious about is your distinction between the tw= o terms. =A0It seems to me that you asserting that the difference is that o= ne has a central meaning that is in use in many cases, whereas the other al= ways refers to the non-central meanings. I'm not sure that is any kind = of distinction that makes sense in lojban. =A0But every word in lojban has = penumbras of meaning. =A0For example, if I talk of a bolci, am I referring = to golf ball or a basketball? =A0Does it matter? =A0In truth, I don't t= hink there can ever be such a thing as a "precise" meaning to a w= ord in any language, because all language is are a way of classifying the u= niverse/ideas. =A0You can draw boundaries as small as you like to say what&= #39;s inside one group as oppososed to oustside, but you can always draw ot= her boundaries tighter or more relaxed.

=A0 =A0 =A0So, bottom line is "don't worry too much= about it"

=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0My two cent= s,=A0
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0--gejyspa

On Fri, Dec 28, 2012 at 2:45 PM, .arpis. <rpglover64+jbobau@gmai= l.com> wrote:
= I've been wondering about this for a while (and may have asked before, = but I don't recall being answered): where is the border between the two= , and how does lojban address it?

{mi pu ze'a pensi la'e di'e (to ji'a ju'o cu'i mi p= u te preti .i ku'i na morji lo du'u dafsku toi) .i fi ma sepli fa l= o za'e sorsmu [to'i zo'oi polysemy toi] lo za'e smug= ri [to'i zo'oi clustering toi] .ije ma la'e di'u dan= fu ci'e la .lojban.}

(Incidentally to my question, I would appreciate = input on my lojban.)

I will illustrate with an example: t= he word "singleton" can mean "a set with exactly one element= ", "a single entity which makes all decisions", "an obj= ect (in the CS sense) which is only instantiated once", or "a typ= e which has only one value"; I observe that all of these senses are sp= ecial cases of the first (sometimes implicitly {se}-ed), but when I hear th= e word, I know that it refers to one of those and not, for example, "t= he only person who sleeps in a particular bed".

Obviously, part of this is context, but it feels to me like = there's a difference between the context of the conversation and the co= ntext of the society. It would feel silly and facetious for me to say (pret= ending for a moment that {selte'i} is an adequate translation of "= singleton") {mi selte'i lo ka sipna ti noi ckana}, even if it'= s technically true.

Uncommon words seem to take on a clustered, though not quite= polysemous, definition: "It means this in the most general case, but = it probably is being used for one of these more specific cases."

Anyone have any thoughts? Apologies for any incoh= erence... it sounded better in my head.

--
mu'o mi'e .arpis.

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--
mu'o = mi'e .arpis.

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--
=A0=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0Alex R

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