Received: from mail-pa0-f56.google.com ([209.85.220.56]:48083) by stodi.digitalkingdom.org with esmtps (TLSv1:RC4-SHA:128) (Exim 4.76) (envelope-from ) id 1TqWEK-00025b-CL; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:52:14 -0800 Received: by mail-pa0-f56.google.com with SMTP id rl6sf8911363pac.11 for ; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:52:02 -0800 (PST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=googlegroups.com; s=20120806; h=x-received:x-beenthere:x-received:x-received:received-spf :mime-version:in-reply-to:references:date:message-id:subject:from:to :x-original-sender:x-original-authentication-results:reply-to :precedence:mailing-list:list-id:x-google-group-id:list-post :list-help:list-archive:sender:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe :content-type; bh=DLXrg/99joeRqvoN1LiiMi/4KX7YEwbLP+pVpAsECyY=; b=uDPN0pQyZ53qSkD4gz2qz9XZMu5f8O74zmBme8Ol8KkNAEn6p5MYNqAzH7Plnvojf6 OLhnCCch78+w3b7mTqwEkAeMdVXLQ4JEojzK39b5LS83NrLPhwhTMAqNKkn4M/6GD3DB QBJvLVQd9MHTp5iGGLDVZARl97oe3ZQMQMJxfVasdxnkkeEtro5Bkx6REOI1zxrlmqxj ks+12KjBWwutn9wycXO12+xx7IV+Dtb5hGVybV2yogCfN2sp0TX8XIBJppdhajqJRXQB yKJI1W+uYuAivSvXbiu22YV29R8l7shVrP9ytLCIljGcHux8CHCVpyV2tLymeRmRm9Fg djjw== DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20120113; h=x-received:x-beenthere:x-received:x-received:received-spf :mime-version:in-reply-to:references:date:message-id:subject:from:to :x-original-sender:x-original-authentication-results:reply-to :precedence:mailing-list:list-id:x-google-group-id:list-post :list-help:list-archive:sender:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe :content-type; bh=DLXrg/99joeRqvoN1LiiMi/4KX7YEwbLP+pVpAsECyY=; b=wn4X3BJb67WCKRmEE30IAI5W3vgjqWISQ3WvVKs5VBEPE/2I+x2tSJvp8z7iBtk1dV XiqAX7zBAC7R245BwDrfUEfcu3r9L6/8tEwzjBrpFuZR5C5ct6CepCDk6v6K/Ytruafl u8sWNC1FpA9JjWOwgvUHEJ+SRB7gwJCJWt0zNskLJM+TYy+42ATrAyBVrh3J1DktVwOg W+mKdD/vRbR6JKljmv9odwQCfv7mpuQJROb5xxazwMxP/eqnAiC8hMv/DBCsyjbJU8a3 XrpFRTypiGsZxSuOmhe0ZA+acOgh1y9fV049Zc8InhWmuk03Uj5VHEvdcEh2v8juYY9r 4X/Q== X-Received: by 10.50.163.66 with SMTP id yg2mr15528871igb.0.1357163521947; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:52:01 -0800 (PST) X-BeenThere: lojban@googlegroups.com Received: by 10.50.0.208 with SMTP id 16ls14950012igg.1.canary; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:52:00 -0800 (PST) X-Received: by 10.50.181.233 with SMTP id dz9mr41314898igc.1.1357163520930; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:52:00 -0800 (PST) X-Received: by 10.50.181.233 with SMTP id dz9mr41314897igc.1.1357163520906; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:52:00 -0800 (PST) Received: from mail-oa0-f44.google.com (mail-oa0-f44.google.com [209.85.219.44]) by gmr-mx.google.com with ESMTPS id x4si5404462igm.0.2013.01.02.13.52.00 (version=TLSv1/SSLv3 cipher=OTHER); Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:52:00 -0800 (PST) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of mturniansky@gmail.com designates 209.85.219.44 as permitted sender) client-ip=209.85.219.44; Received: by mail-oa0-f44.google.com with SMTP id n5so13573620oag.3 for ; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:52:00 -0800 (PST) MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: by 10.60.31.51 with SMTP id x19mr25750204oeh.25.1357163520558; Wed, 02 Jan 2013 13:52:00 -0800 (PST) Received: by 10.182.186.98 with HTTP; Wed, 2 Jan 2013 13:52:00 -0800 (PST) In-Reply-To: References: Date: Wed, 2 Jan 2013 16:52:00 -0500 Message-ID: Subject: Re: [lojban] Clustering vs polysemy From: Michael Turniansky To: lojban@googlegroups.com X-Original-Sender: mturniansky@gmail.com X-Original-Authentication-Results: gmr-mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: domain of mturniansky@gmail.com designates 209.85.219.44 as permitted sender) smtp.mail=mturniansky@gmail.com; dkim=pass header.i=@gmail.com Reply-To: lojban@googlegroups.com Precedence: list Mailing-list: list lojban@googlegroups.com; contact lojban+owners@googlegroups.com List-ID: X-Google-Group-Id: 1004133512417 List-Post: , List-Help: , List-Archive: Sender: lojban@googlegroups.com List-Subscribe: , List-Unsubscribe: , Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=e89a8fb1fd708b87d504d255415f X-Spam-Score: -0.1 (/) X-Spam_score: -0.1 X-Spam_score_int: 0 X-Spam_bar: / --e89a8fb1fd708b87d504d255415f Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable I don't either, but I expect they have been using "polysemy" inaccurately. In any case, we certainly don't want "bolci" to mean "a dance where the participants are typically fancily dressed", but by the same token, could it/should it include a rugby ball or American/Canadian/Australian rules football? That's a more open question. --gejyspa On Wed, Jan 2, 2013 at 4:21 PM, Alex Rozenshteyn wrot= e: > o'a nai ro'e I seem to have been working under a mistaken definition of > "polysemy". I also seem to have some memory of lojban fighting polysemy, > but in this sense, I don't see how or why? > > > On Wed, Jan 2, 2013 at 3:48 PM, Michael Turniansky wrote: > >> Wikipedia defines polysemy (as opposed to homonymy) as: >> "Charles Fillmore and Beryl Atkins=92 definition stipulates three elemen= ts: >> (i) the various senses of a polysemous word have a central origin, (ii) = the >> links between these senses form a network, and (iii) understanding the >> =91inner=92 one contributes to understanding of the =91outer=92 one.[3]<= http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysemy#cite_note-3> >> " >> >> I'm not sure blazer falls within that definition (at best it's #1 >> only). So maybe that's where my confusion lies. >> >> But I would have no problem with using singleton to mean "the only >> person who sleeps in a particular bed" >> >> --gejyspa >> >> >> On Wed, Jan 2, 2013 at 3:20 PM, .arpis. wro= te: >> >>> My best intuition as to the difference is (forgive the Haskell >>> programmer in me) whether the meanings are parametrically polymorphic o= r >>> ad-hoc polymorphic. If the possible meanings of a word are semantically >>> unrelated (the first example that popped into my head was "blazer" =3D = "one >>> who blazes" or "light jacket"), then a word is clearly polysemous, but = if >>> the penumbras are so intense that a native speaker would be surprised a= nd >>> confused if the word is used to refer to something outside one of them, >>> that seems similar in practice to the polysemy. >>> >>> >>> >>> On Wed, Jan 2, 2013 at 3:09 PM, Michael Turniansky < >>> mturniansky@gmail.com> wrote: >>> >>>> Your lojban is fine (although I'd use the simpler "pamei" for >>>> "singleton"). But I guess what I am curious about is your distinction >>>> between the two terms. It seems to me that you asserting that the >>>> difference is that one has a central meaning that is in use in many ca= ses, >>>> whereas the other always refers to the non-central meanings. I'm not s= ure >>>> that is any kind of distinction that makes sense in lojban. But every= word >>>> in lojban has penumbras of meaning. For example, if I talk of a bolci= , am >>>> I referring to golf ball or a basketball? Does it matter? In truth, = I >>>> don't think there can ever be such a thing as a "precise" meaning to a= word >>>> in any language, because all language is are a way of classifying the >>>> universe/ideas. You can draw boundaries as small as you like to say w= hat's >>>> inside one group as oppososed to oustside, but you can always draw oth= er >>>> boundaries tighter or more relaxed. >>>> >>>> So, bottom line is "don't worry too much about it" >>>> >>>> My two cents, >>>> --gejyspa >>>> >>>> On Fri, Dec 28, 2012 at 2:45 PM, .arpis. = wrote: >>>> >>>>> I've been wondering about this for a while (and may have asked before= , >>>>> but I don't recall being answered): where is the border between the t= wo, >>>>> and how does lojban address it? >>>>> >>>>> {mi pu ze'a pensi la'e di'e (to ji'a ju'o cu'i mi pu te preti .i ku'i >>>>> na morji lo du'u dafsku toi) .i fi ma sepli fa lo za'e sorsmu [to'i z= o'oi >>>>> *polysemy* toi] lo za'e smugri [to'i zo'oi *clustering* toi] .ije ma >>>>> la'e di'u danfu ci'e la .lojban.} >>>>> >>>>> (Incidentally to my question, I would appreciate input on my lojban.) >>>>> >>>>> I will illustrate with an example: the word "singleton" can mean "a >>>>> set with exactly one element", "a single entity which makes all decis= ions", >>>>> "an object (in the CS sense) which is only instantiated once", or "a = type >>>>> which has only one value"; I observe that all of these senses are spe= cial >>>>> cases of the first (sometimes implicitly {se}-ed), but when I hear th= e >>>>> word, I know that it refers to one of those and not, for example, "th= e only >>>>> person who sleeps in a particular bed". >>>>> >>>>> Obviously, part of this is context, but it feels to me like there's a >>>>> difference between the context of the conversation and the context of= the >>>>> society. It would feel silly and facetious for me to say (pretending = for a >>>>> moment that {selte'i} is an adequate translation of "singleton") {mi >>>>> selte'i lo ka sipna ti noi ckana}, even if it's technically true. >>>>> >>>>> Uncommon words seem to take on a clustered, though not quite >>>>> polysemous, definition: "It means this in the most general case, but = it >>>>> probably is being used for one of these more specific cases." >>>>> >>>>> Anyone have any thoughts? Apologies for any incoherence... it sounded >>>>> better in my head. >>>>> >>>>> -- >>>>> mu'o mi'e .arpis. >>>>> >>>>> -- >>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>>> Groups "lojban" group. >>>>> To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. >>>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >>>>> lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >>>>> For more options, visit this group at >>>>> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=3Den. >>>>> >>>> >>>> -- >>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>> Groups "lojban" group. >>>> To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. >>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >>>> lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >>>> For more options, visit this group at >>>> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=3Den. >>>> >>> >>> >>> >>> -- >>> mu'o mi'e .arpis. >>> >>> -- >>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>> Groups "lojban" group. >>> To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. >>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >>> lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >>> For more options, visit this group at >>> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=3Den. >>> >> >> -- >> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Group= s >> "lojban" group. >> To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. >> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >> lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. >> For more options, visit this group at >> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=3Den. >> > > > > -- > Alex R > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "lojban" group. > To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. > To unsubscribe from this group, send email to > lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. > For more options, visit this group at > http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=3Den. > --=20 You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "= lojban" group. To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban+unsubscribe@googlegrou= ps.com. For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/lojban= ?hl=3Den. --e89a8fb1fd708b87d504d255415f Content-Type: text/html; charset=windows-1252 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
=A0 I don't either, but I expect they have been using = "polysemy" inaccurately.=A0

=A0 In any case, we certainly = don't want "bolci" to mean "a dance where the participan= ts are typically fancily dressed", but by the same token, could it/sho= uld it include a rugby ball or American/Canadian/Australian rules football?= =A0That's a more open question.

=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 --gejyspa

=
On Wed, Jan 2, 2013 at 4:21 PM, Alex Rozenshteyn= <rpglover64@gmail.com> wrote:
o'a nai ro'e I seem= to have been working under a mistaken definition of "polysemy". = I also seem to have some memory of lojban fighting polysemy, but in this se= nse, I don't see how or why?


On Wed, Jan 2, 2013 at 3:48 PM, Michael Turniansky <m= turniansky@gmail.com> wrote:
=A0 Wikiped= ia defines polysemy (as opposed to homonymy) as:
"Charles Fillmore and Beryl Atkins=92 definition stipulates= three elements: (i) the various senses of a polysemous word have a central= origin, (ii) the links between these senses form a network, and (iii) unde= rstanding the =91inner=92 one contributes to understanding of the =91outer= =92 one.[3]"
=A0 I'm not sure blazer falls within that definition (at best it= 9;s #1 only). =A0So maybe that's where my confusion lies.

=A0 =A0But I would have no problem with using singleton to mean "= ;the only person who sleeps in a particular bed"

=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 --gejyspa


On Wed, Jan 2, 2013 at 3:20 PM, .= arpis. <rpglover64+jbobau@gmail.com> wrote:
My best intuition as to the= difference is (forgive the Haskell programmer in me) whether the meanings = are parametrically polymorphic or ad-hoc polymorphic. If the possible meani= ngs of a word are semantically unrelated (the first example that popped int= o my head was "blazer" =3D "one who blazes" or "li= ght jacket"), then a word is clearly polysemous, but if the penumbras = are so intense that a native speaker would be surprised and confused if the= word is used to refer to something outside one of them, that seems similar= in practice to the polysemy.



On Wed, Jan 2= , 2013 at 3:09 PM, Michael Turniansky <mturniansky@gmail.com> wrote:
=A0 Your lojban is fine (al= though I'd use the simpler "pamei" for "singleton")= . =A0But I guess what I am curious about is your distinction between the tw= o terms. =A0It seems to me that you asserting that the difference is that o= ne has a central meaning that is in use in many cases, whereas the other al= ways refers to the non-central meanings. I'm not sure that is any kind = of distinction that makes sense in lojban. =A0But every word in lojban has = penumbras of meaning. =A0For example, if I talk of a bolci, am I referring = to golf ball or a basketball? =A0Does it matter? =A0In truth, I don't t= hink there can ever be such a thing as a "precise" meaning to a w= ord in any language, because all language is are a way of classifying the u= niverse/ideas. =A0You can draw boundaries as small as you like to say what&= #39;s inside one group as oppososed to oustside, but you can always draw ot= her boundaries tighter or more relaxed.

=A0 =A0 =A0So, bottom line is "don't worry too much= about it"

=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0My two cent= s,=A0
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0--gejyspa

On Fri, Dec 28, 2012 at 2:45 PM, .arpis. <rpglover64+jbobau@gmai= l.com> wrote:
= I've been wondering about this for a while (and may have asked before, = but I don't recall being answered): where is the border between the two= , and how does lojban address it?

{mi pu ze'a pensi la'e di'e (to ji'a ju'o cu'i mi p= u te preti .i ku'i na morji lo du'u dafsku toi) .i fi ma sepli fa l= o za'e sorsmu [to'i zo'oi polysemy toi] lo za'e smug= ri [to'i zo'oi clustering toi] .ije ma la'e di'u dan= fu ci'e la .lojban.}

(Incidentally to my question, I would appreciate = input on my lojban.)

I will illustrate with an example: t= he word "singleton" can mean "a set with exactly one element= ", "a single entity which makes all decisions", "an obj= ect (in the CS sense) which is only instantiated once", or "a typ= e which has only one value"; I observe that all of these senses are sp= ecial cases of the first (sometimes implicitly {se}-ed), but when I hear th= e word, I know that it refers to one of those and not, for example, "t= he only person who sleeps in a particular bed".

Obviously, part of this is context, but it feels to me like = there's a difference between the context of the conversation and the co= ntext of the society. It would feel silly and facetious for me to say (pret= ending for a moment that {selte'i} is an adequate translation of "= singleton") {mi selte'i lo ka sipna ti noi ckana}, even if it'= s technically true.

Uncommon words seem to take on a clustered, though not quite= polysemous, definition: "It means this in the most general case, but = it probably is being used for one of these more specific cases."

Anyone have any thoughts? Apologies for any incoh= erence... it sounded better in my head.

--
mu'o mi'e .arpis.

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--
mu'o = mi'e .arpis.

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--
=A0=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0Alex R

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