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[212.227.15.19]) by gmr-mx.google.com with ESMTPS id s42si755141eew.1.2014.01.06.15.22.41 for (version=TLSv1.2 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 bits=128/128); Mon, 06 Jan 2014 15:22:41 -0800 (PST) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of seladwa@gmx.de designates 212.227.15.19 as permitted sender) client-ip=212.227.15.19; Received: from [192.168.2.108] ([93.220.110.203]) by mail.gmx.com (mrgmx002) with ESMTPSA (Nemesis) id 0M1VlJ-1V7Ewi1kbZ-00tUpJ for ; Tue, 07 Jan 2014 00:22:41 +0100 Message-ID: <52CB3AC2.3070507@gmx.de> Date: Tue, 07 Jan 2014 00:22:42 +0100 From: selpa'i User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:24.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/24.2.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 To: lojban@googlegroups.com Subject: Re: [lojban] [oz] Use of elidable {cu} References: In-Reply-To: X-Provags-ID: V03:K0:ipKltsIwxRhgPmlOOPQjBdt6um8KHcQzeS6u/TzpsCi34LpAS3h fBRLk7E9A3CcGGdMhFJh+68hfgtH5ZUdzZdVJy003M/8hAsHwEOhVoL09qvey9c761a+HQ2 H69xia/BIouRrb7lZ22mIIfqd/fWtlX3Bc2nD8irr+e51wQBjbGcj7naNGU1dLHfnQJDHAc TJyI/XxN8cdC+17M0C3+Q== X-Original-Sender: seladwa@gmx.de X-Original-Authentication-Results: gmr-mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: domain of seladwa@gmx.de designates 212.227.15.19 as permitted sender) smtp.mail=seladwa@gmx.de Reply-To: lojban@googlegroups.com Precedence: list Mailing-list: list lojban@googlegroups.com; contact lojban+owners@googlegroups.com List-ID: X-Google-Group-Id: 1004133512417 List-Post: , List-Help: , List-Archive: Sender: lojban@googlegroups.com List-Subscribe: , List-Unsubscribe: , Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-Spam-Score: 0.0 (/) X-Spam_score: 0.0 X-Spam_score_int: 0 X-Spam_bar: / la .asiz. cu cusku di'e > I know about the "cmevla as brivla" rule in the translation grammar. But > still there remains a great amount of elidable {cu} occurrences > throughout the text. There may be some that really are elidible, but I'm fairly sure that=20 most of the {cu} that seem elidible actually are not. I will explain why=20 below. > E.g., > > (1) {lo zd=C5=95ni cu pu se cintypu'i} > (2) {la nakf=C5=95mti .x=C4=8Dnris. cu no roi cm=C4=9Bla} These two are truly stylistic choices, but there is an advantage to=20 using {cu} before TENSE+selbri. It makes it less likely to accidently=20 say something like the following (at least I assume that's true): lo nu broda pu cinri ! "The event of brodaing in the past is interesting." Using {cu} before {pu} is necessary there to prevent the accidental=20 slipping of the {pu} into the abstraction. So maybe that's one reason to=20 use {cu} even when it's not necessary: to be less likely to forget it=20 where it must be used. > (3) {xy ji'a cu gr=C5=AFsi} > (4) {ca lo c=C5=95bdei cu na k=C4=8Dlci} Probably the same habit as in (1) and (2). > Granted, these are perfectly correct. It just made me curious to hear > any thoughts you have on the usage of {cu}. > > In any case, the common usage exemplified above seems inconsistent with > more rare examples such as > > (5) {sei ny sp=C5=AFda} > (6) {sei ny sp=C5=AFsku} (3 times) > (7) {pa la m=C5=95xpre pu p=C5=88nse} > (8) {la .oz. na d=C5=AFnda lo b=C4=8Dsna do} > (9) {la .t=C5=88tos. ca lo n=C5=AFncfa na n=C4=8Dlci lo vi ziljm=C4=9Bna = be lo b=C4=8Dnde} > (10) {la .d=C5=88rotis. na sai ka'e v=C4=9Bska} > (11) {la .t=C5=88tos. ja'a ka'e go'i} The actual answer to your question is this: What happens when you erase=20 all the spaces from the text? The answer to this question will reveal=20 why there are {cu} in seemingly unnecessary places. To name just one=20 general example ({nu} is by far not the only place where it occurs): {nu + BY + broda} =3D lujvo (nuBYbroda} {nu + BY + cu + broda} =3D abstraction containing a bridi In other words, leaving out {cu} will make the text parse differently!=20 I'm very careful with that; one needs to keep in mind that the whole=20 point of my orthography is to have full audio-visual isomorphism - the=20 speech stream should fully correspond to the string of letters. There=20 are no spaces in the speech stream. Everything depends on clusters and=20 stress. Therefore, spaces are to be meaningless in writing, too. And my=20 orthography enables exactly that: to omit all the spaces. You can either=20 use {cu} to prevent the accidental lujvo as in the example above, or you=20 can use a glottal stop, like so: {nu + BY. + broda} Then, it also cannot parse as a single word. You will find both methods used in the text. mi'e la selpa'i mu'o --=20 You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "= lojban" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an e= mail to lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. Visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/lojban. For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/groups/opt_out.