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From: "Mike S." <maikxlx@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 25 Apr 2019 14:56:44 -0400
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Subject: Re: [lojban] Glossing
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On Thu, Apr 25, 2019 at 12:02 AM Pierre Abbat <phma@bezitopo.org> wrote:

> Morphematim (morphematatim?) glossing is used in linguistics to show the
> grammatical structure of text in a language.


Perhaps it could just as well be shortened to "morphatim", assuming
"interlinear" is not clear enough.  (For those on the list who were
confused like me:  I think it's modeled on the adverb "verbatim" and means
"morpheme-by-morpheme").


> Content morphemes are glossed in
> lowercase (capitalized if they are proper nouns, or any nouns if the
> glosses
> are in German); function morphemes are glossed in small caps (or all caps
> if
> you don't have small caps). Here's a simple sentence in Lojban with an
> attitudinal phrase. How would you gloss it?
>
> i lo bicrbombu cu se bevri mi o'adai lo mamta be mi vau
>

What this little example shows is how much of Lojban defies conventional
description.  Someone would have come up with special glosses, as the usual
list is of little avail.  Here, I try to make new glosses by adding -Z
(starter/izer) and -T (terminator) to known abbreviations.  -Z is standard
but -T is my own invention.

Usual list: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_glossing_abbreviations

i lo bicrbombu cu se bevri mi o'adai lo mamta be mi vau
SENTT DET bee-CLZ-Bombus VPZ INV carry 1 proudly-OBV DET mother INAL 1 VPT

Breakdown:

morph / gloss (/ gloss translation)
* = Not standard, or not common

i / *SENT or *SENTT / sentence or sentence-terminator (actually a
separator, but "terminator" is close enough)
lo / DET or *NPZ / determiner or noun-phrase-izer
bic- / bee
-r- / *CLZ / classifier-izer (turns previous morpheme into a classifier
prefix)
-bombu / "Bombus" or bumblebee
cu / *VPZ / verb-phrase-izer
se / INV / inverse voice
bevri / carry
mi / 1 or 1SG / 1st person or 1st person singular (pragmatically, probably
sg right?)
o'a- / proudly
-dai / OBV / obviate (don't know what else to call this)
lo / DET or *NPZ
mamta / mother
be / INAL / inalienable possession
mi / 1
vau / *VPT / verb-phrase-terminator


mi'e .maik.
mu'o.

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div dir=3D"ltr"></div><=
br><div dir=3D"ltr" class=3D"gmail_signature"><div dir=3D"ltr" class=3D"gma=
il_attr">On Thu, Apr 25, 2019 at 12:02 AM Pierre Abbat &lt;<a href=3D"mailt=
o:phma@bezitopo.org">phma@bezitopo.org</a>&gt; wrote:<br></div><blockquote =
class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px sol=
id rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Morphematim (morphematatim?) glossing=
 is used in linguistics to show the <br>
grammatical structure of text in a language. </blockquote><div><br>Perhaps =
it could just as well be shortened to &quot;morphatim&quot;, assuming &quot=
;interlinear&quot; is not clear enough.=C2=A0 (For those on the list who we=
re confused like me:=C2=A0 I think it&#39;s modeled on the adverb &quot;ver=
batim&quot; and means &quot;morpheme-by-morpheme&quot;).<br>=C2=A0</div><bl=
ockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-lef=
t:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Content morphemes are glosse=
d in <br>
lowercase (capitalized if they are proper nouns, or any nouns if the glosse=
s <br>
are in German); function morphemes are glossed in small caps (or all caps i=
f <br>
you don&#39;t have small caps). Here&#39;s a simple sentence in Lojban with=
 an <br>
attitudinal phrase. How would you gloss it?<br>
<br>
i lo bicrbombu cu se bevri mi o&#39;adai lo mamta be mi vau<br></blockquote=
><div><br>What this little example shows is how much of Lojban defies conve=
ntional description.=C2=A0 Someone would have come up with special glosses,=
 as the usual list is of little avail.=C2=A0 Here, I try to make new glosse=
s by adding -Z (starter/izer) and -T (terminator) to known abbreviations.=
=C2=A0 -Z is standard but -T is my own invention.<br><br>Usual list: <a hre=
f=3D"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_glossing_abbreviations">https://=
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_glossing_abbreviations</a><br><br>i lo bicrbo=
mbu cu se bevri mi o&#39;adai lo mamta be mi vau<br>SENTT DET bee-CLZ-Bombu=
s VPZ INV carry 1 proudly-OBV DET mother INAL 1 VPT<br><br>Breakdown:<br><b=
r>morph / gloss (/ gloss translation)<br>* =3D Not standard, or not common<=
br><br>i / *SENT or *SENTT / sentence or sentence-terminator (actually a se=
parator, but &quot;terminator&quot; is close enough)<br>lo / DET or *NPZ / =
determiner or noun-phrase-izer<br>bic- / bee<br>-r- / *CLZ / classifier-ize=
r (turns previous morpheme into a classifier prefix)<br>-bombu / &quot;Bomb=
us&quot; or bumblebee<br>cu / *VPZ / verb-phrase-izer<br>se / INV / inverse=
 voice<br>bevri / carry<br>mi / 1 or 1SG / 1st person or 1st person singula=
r (pragmatically, probably sg right?)<br>o&#39;a- / proudly<br>-dai / OBV /=
 obviate (don&#39;t know what else to call this)<br>lo / DET or *NPZ<br>mam=
ta / mother<br>be / INAL / inalienable possession<br>mi / 1<br>vau / *VPT /=
 verb-phrase-terminator<br><br>=C2=A0</div>mi&#39;e .maik.<br></div><div cl=
ass=3D"gmail_signature">mu&#39;o.<br>=C2=A0<br></div></div></div></div>

<p></p>

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