From @uga.cc.uga.edu:LOJBAN@CUVMB.BITNET Wed Dec 9 18:00:02 1992 Received: from uga.cc.uga.edu by MINERVA.CIS.YALE.EDU via SMTP; Wed, 9 Dec 1992 13:54:35 -0500 Received: from UGA.CC.UGA.EDU by uga.cc.uga.edu (IBM VM SMTP V2R2) with BSMTP id 3210; Wed, 09 Dec 92 13:51:00 EST Received: from UGA.BITNET by UGA.CC.UGA.EDU (Mailer R2.08 PTF008) with BSMTP id 0347; Wed, 09 Dec 92 13:51:00 EST Date: Wed, 9 Dec 1992 18:00:02 +0000 Reply-To: CJ FINE <91909372@BRADFORD.AC.UK> Sender: Lojban list From: CJ FINE <91909372@BRADFORD.AC.UK> Subject: TECH: new ZAhO suggestion X-To: Lojban list To: Erik Rauch Status: RO X-Status: Message-ID: I want to argue for a new ZAhO word. [ZAhO are 'event contours' such as "co'a" (initiative) or "ba'o" (perfective) - see 'Imaginary Journeys', s. 10] The idea I want to express is 'so far' or 'up to' For example I've made three pots so far I waited until 7 pm They hadn't got there by the time we left Like most uses of ZAhO, it is possible to get round these more or less with combinations of PU and jeks, but they don't really do what's wanted: mi denpa pujenaiba li paso I waited before-&-not-after 7 mi denpa caze'apu li paso I waited a-medium-period-extending into the past from 7 Neither of these get over the idea that this is a point in a possibly continuing process, such that we are focussing on the whole of the process up to that point. I suggest "xa'o" for this sense - I can't think of a snappy keyword for it, though. Then mi caxa'o zbasu le ci patxu (or mi caxa'o cimei patxu zbasu) mi denpa xa'o li paso (Note that this one may not continue after the point - I don't think that xa'o definitely implies that it does so, merely that it might - it's part of a continuing process, that is neither complete nor necessarily stopped). ko'a na'exa'o klama co'a lenu mi cliva (I'm not certain about this one!) Also usable for ages: mi xa'o nanca li cizepini'uso'o (I up-to-now) am-in-years the-number 37-point-minus-a-bit Any comments? Colin