Received: from uga.cc.uga.edu by nfs1.digex.net with SMTP id AA16228 (5.67b8/IDA-1.5 for ); Sat, 24 Sep 1994 09:31:01 -0400 Message-Id: <199409241331.AA16228@nfs1.digex.net> Received: from UGA.CC.UGA.EDU by uga.cc.uga.edu (IBM VM SMTP V2R2) with BSMTP id 0489; Sat, 24 Sep 94 09:35:11 EDT Received: from UGA.CC.UGA.EDU (NJE origin LISTSERV@UGA) by UGA.CC.UGA.EDU (LMail V1.2a/1.8a) with BSMTP id 4660; Sat, 24 Sep 1994 09:35:12 -0400 Date: Sat, 24 Sep 1994 14:31:33 +0100 Reply-To: ucleaar Sender: Lojban list From: ucleaar Subject: Re: general response on needing books X-To: lojban@cuvmb.cc.columbia.edu To: Bob LeChevalier In-Reply-To: (Your message of Thu, 22 Sep 94 21:48:01 EDT.) Status: RO X-From-Space-Date: Sat Sep 24 09:31:05 1994 X-From-Space-Address: LOJBAN%CUVMB.BITNET@uga.cc.uga.edu Jorge replying to me: > I don't believe there is anything like "local specificity", or > specificity inside an abstraction. Specificity concerns the speaker > and the audience, and the only way you have more than one level of > these is with quotations. > > > My point is precisely > > that there is a difference, & one worth making expressible in > > Lojban. > > Then please describe a situation where such a use would make sense, > and write a Lojban sentence using your proposed xi'i with {le}. Le prenu cu jinvi le duhu xihile cukta cu blanu The person thinks "the book is blue". To find out which book, you'd have to ask the person, not me the speaker. The referent of xihile cukta is 'in mind' but the mind is the person's, not the speaker's. > > > You mean that for {lo} the xihi-less quantification would be outside > > > the abstraction? I think that goes against current usage. > > > > This is what I mean. I suppose it could be the other way around, > > but this would be needed less often. > > I would have thought that local quantification was the norm, but that's > only an impresion. You need local quantification or reference-assignment only when it is in a clause subordinate to an irrealis element of meaning (i.e. something whose argument is not necessarily the case). And in most utterances there won't be such an element. However, when there is such an element you may indeed be right that local rather than outermost quantification is more often what is wanted. ---- And