From @gate.demon.co.uk,@uga.cc.uga.edu:lojban@cuvmb.bitnet Fri Jun 09 22:06:25 1995 Received: from punt2.demon.co.uk by stryx.demon.co.uk with SMTP id AA3342 ; Fri, 09 Jun 95 22:06:23 BST Received: from punt2.demon.co.uk via puntmail for ia@stryx.demon.co.uk; Fri, 09 Jun 95 05:36:02 GMT Received: from gate.demon.co.uk by punt2.demon.co.uk id aa01352; 9 Jun 95 6:35 +0100 Received: from uga.cc.uga.edu by gate.demon.co.uk id aa05848; 7 Jun 95 21:46 GMT-60:00 Received: from UGA.CC.UGA.EDU by uga.cc.uga.edu (IBM VM SMTP V2R2) with BSMTP id 3232; Wed, 07 Jun 95 15:14:50 EDT Received: from UGA.CC.UGA.EDU (NJE origin LISTSERV@UGA) by UGA.CC.UGA.EDU (LMail V1.2a/1.8a) with BSMTP id 0490; Wed, 7 Jun 1995 13:43:01 -0400 Date: Wed, 7 Jun 1995 13:34:26 -0400 Reply-To: Logical Language Group Sender: Lojban list From: Logical Language Group Subject: imperative mood X-To: lojban@cuvmb.cc.columbia.edu To: Iain Alexander Message-ID: <9506072146.aa05848@gate.demon.co.uk> Status: R >> Um. Well, Jorge is of the opinion that {e'u do} is exactly equivalent >> to {ko}. > >I wouldn't say exactly equivalent, but they both would be in the >imperative mood. {e'u do} is more precise, because it says what type of >imperative it is: a suggestion. Other possibilities would be {e'o do} >for a request, {ei do} for a command. I don't think the "do" version is necessarily imperative. My kid left his wagon on the driveway last night, although he said he brought it in. If I had checked, I might have said ".e'u do na nenri cpacu le [wagon]" which is NOT a suggestion that he not bring it in. For petition (.e'o), I might say the Lojban for "Please tell me it isn't true!" which emotively has an "e'o" component on the main bridi and an ".a'o" component on the subordinate. You don't really want the person to tell you it isn't true, if it really is - so it is NOT an imperative. Likewise ".ei" can express a perceived obligation without necessarily commanding it - and stating the obligation is not necessarily the same as suggesting it. I could tell a long adoption-related story now to back this up, but I won't. In all cases, though, I think "ko" is a indication of imperative mood that overrides any implicatures of the attitudinals. lojbab