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From: Bob LeChevalier <lojbab@lojban.org>
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Date: Sat, 01 May 2004 07:47:40 -0400
Subject: [lojban] Re: Why capital letters standing in for letterals
  is a *bad* idea.
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At 05:17 PM 4/30/04 -0700, Jorge "Llambías" wrote:
>--- Pierre Abbat <phma@webjockey.net> wrote:
> > There are fixed rules for breaking syllables between vowels, but AFAIK not
> > between consonants.

There are.  From the old morphology paper:
>Medial consonant pairs are split into separate syllables by 
>convention.  They will thus be pronounced as /...vC,Cv.../.  It will take 
>some time, but try to practice each of these permissible medials with a 
>vowel preceding and following, such as abda, abda, abga, etc.
...
>Consonant triples can occur medially in lujvo, in le'avla, and in 
>cmene.  When they occur in lujvo or brivla, they are pronounced with the 
>first consonant appended to the syllable preceding the cluster: 
>/...vC,CCv.../.  In Lojbanized names, pronunciation and syllabication of 
>triples is not constrained.
>
>It can be seen that the first two consonants of a consonant triple in a 
>Lojban brivla must be restricted as for permissible medial consonant 
>pairs: they must be on the list above.  The second pair within the triple 
>must be a permissible initial consonant pair, as per the list above.  In 
>addition, there are a few triples that meet the above conditions but are 
>still not pronounceable so as to be easily and uniquely resolvable from 
>other combinations.  Hence they are also not permitted.

...

>A word has a syllable for each of its vowels (V), diphthongs (vv), and/or 
>vocalic (syllabic) consonants.  The last syllable in a word is the ultima; 
>the next-to-last is the penult, or penultimate syllable.  The 
>third-from-last is called the antepenult or antepenultimate syllable.  The 
>point at which two syllables meet is a syllable joint.  If a syllable 
>joint occurs between two vowels (V'V), it is called a vowel joint.  If the 
>syllable joint occurs between two consonants (C/C or C/CC), it is called a 
>consonant joint.  Vowel/consonant joints (V/C) are also 
>possible.  Unseparated consonants (CC or CCC) are called consonant clusters.
>
>In Lojban words, syllabication is determined by the medial consonants.  A 
>single medial consonant starts a new syllable (a V/C joint).  A consonant 
>pair is split into two syllables in Lojban words, although it is 
>acceptable to keep a permissible initial together in the second 
>syllable.  Consonant triples are split as C/CC joints.
>
>It is permissible to vary from these rules in Lojbanized names.  For 
>example, there are no definitive rules for syllabication of such cmene 
>with consonant clusters longer than three, such as the English name 
>armstrong, which we will analyze below.  The close-comma is used to 
>indicate variant syllabication both orthography.
>
>An additional syllable split can be found wherever a V'V disyllable 
>occurs; however, diphthongs are never split into multiple syllables.
>
>y, r, and n occasionally occur as audible hyphens (attaching sounds) 
>between word components.  When these sounds serve as the central vowel of 
>a syllable (r and n being pronounced vocalically), the syllable does not 
>count in determining stress per the method described below.  (This 
>principle applies to all vocalic central vowels, including l and m, and is 
>not limited to occasions where these five letters (y, l, m, n and r) are 
>used as hyphens.  On the other hand, r and n hyphens ARE permitted to be 
>joined to a prior vowel syllable, in which case they are pronounced as 
>consonants and not vocalics; this syllable IS counted in stress 
>determination, since the hyphen is not the central vowel.  The consonant 
>or consonant pair after the hyphen then starts a new syllable.  (These 
>hyphens will be defined more completely in Section II when lujvo are 
>discussed.)

----------------------------------------------------------

>  Thus {tciuaua} is /tciu,AU,a/,
>
>Is there any way to represent a triphthong, or is {uau} necessarily
>two syllables, either /ua,u/ or /u,au/?

In Lojban, vowel groups pair from the left if possible, unless there is a 
close-comma.  So "uau" is "ua,u".  However, I believe that later decision 
when we tried to write the morphology algorithm said that use of 
close-commas do not create a minimal pair, so "ua,u" and "u,au" are the 
same word.

lojbab

-- 
lojbab                                             lojbab@lojban.org
Bob LeChevalier, Founder, The Logical Language Group
(Opinions are my own; I do not speak for the organization.)
Artificial language Loglan/Lojban:                 http://www.lojban.org


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