From lojban-out@lojban.org Fri May 05 13:59:01 2006 Return-Path: X-Sender: lojban-out@lojban.org X-Apparently-To: lojban@yahoogroups.com Received: (qmail 65083 invoked from network); 5 May 2006 20:59:00 -0000 Received: from unknown (66.218.67.33) by m34.grp.scd.yahoo.com with QMQP; 5 May 2006 20:59:00 -0000 Received: from unknown (HELO chain.digitalkingdom.org) (64.81.49.134) by mta7.grp.scd.yahoo.com with SMTP; 5 May 2006 20:59:00 -0000 Received: from lojban-out by chain.digitalkingdom.org with local (Exim 4.61) (envelope-from ) id 1Fc7O5-0007vE-Tr for lojban@yahoogroups.com; Fri, 05 May 2006 13:58:58 -0700 Received: from chain.digitalkingdom.org ([64.81.49.134]) by chain.digitalkingdom.org with esmtp (Exim 4.61) (envelope-from ) id 1Fc7MP-0006lq-4A; Fri, 05 May 2006 13:57:16 -0700 Received: with ECARTIS (v1.0.0; list lojban-list); Fri, 05 May 2006 13:57:04 -0700 (PDT) Received: from nobody by chain.digitalkingdom.org with local (Exim 4.61) (envelope-from ) id 1Fc7Lx-0006kf-Tv for lojban-list-real@lojban.org; Fri, 05 May 2006 13:56:46 -0700 Received: from wr-out-0506.google.com ([64.233.184.238]) by chain.digitalkingdom.org with esmtp (Exim 4.61) (envelope-from ) id 1Fc7Lr-0006jF-8f for lojban-list@lojban.org; Fri, 05 May 2006 13:56:45 -0700 Received: by wr-out-0506.google.com with SMTP id i13so687727wra for ; Fri, 05 May 2006 13:56:37 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.54.86.15 with SMTP id j15mr459103wrb; Fri, 05 May 2006 13:56:37 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.54.126.18 with HTTP; Fri, 5 May 2006 13:56:37 -0700 (PDT) Message-ID: <925d17560605051356y14c8bc45xf602f0e8189b1d5e@mail.gmail.com> Date: Fri, 5 May 2006 17:56:37 -0300 In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by Ecartis Content-Disposition: inline References: <20060505125724.6757.qmail@web81306.mail.mud.yahoo.com> X-Spam-Score: -2.6 (--) X-archive-position: 11398 X-ecartis-version: Ecartis v1.0.0 Errors-to: lojban-list-bounce@lojban.org X-original-sender: jjllambias@gmail.com X-list: lojban-list X-Spam-Score: -2.6 (--) To: lojban@yahoogroups.com X-Originating-IP: 64.81.49.134 X-eGroups-Msg-Info: 1:12:0:0 X-eGroups-From: "=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jorge_Llamb=EDas?=" From: "=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jorge_Llamb=EDas?=" Reply-To: jjllambias@gmail.com Subject: [lojban] Re: Usage of lo and le X-Yahoo-Group-Post: member; u=116389790; y=_tfJTwm3gzC1grdH8gCwhrO928Tr8zrLIAprSHri0n7QYTOizQ X-Yahoo-Profile: lojban_out X-Yahoo-Message-Num: 25814 Let's do an experiment. This is the definition of "the" from dictionary.com, and my comments on where "the" corresponds to {le} and where it does not: > Used before singular or plural nouns and noun phrases that denote > particular, specified persons or things: the baby; the dress I wore. Yes, that's what {le} is for. > Used before a noun, and generally stressed, to emphasize one of a group > or type as the most outstanding or prominent: considered Lake Shore Drive > to be the neighborhood to live in these days. No, {le} won't do for that. > Used to indicate uniqueness: the Prince of Wales; the moon. {le} can be used there, but it won't really indicate uniqueness. {lo pa} is better to indicate that. > Used before nouns that designate natural phenomena or points of the > compass: the weather; a wind from the south. No, plain {lo} will do. > Used as the equivalent of a possessive adjective before names of some > parts of the body: grab him by the neck; an infection of the hand. Can be used there, but plain {lo} will do. > Used before a noun specifying a field of endeavor: the law; the film industry; > the stage. No, plain {lo} is better. > Used before a proper name, as of a monument or ship: the Alamo; the Titanic. No, that's {la}. > Used before the plural form of a numeral denoting a specific decade of a > century or of a life span: rural life in the Thirties. Doubtful. Plain {lo} would probably do. > Used before a singular noun indicating that the noun is generic: The wolf > is an endangered species. No, that's {lo}. > Used before an adjective extending it to signify a class and giving it the > function of a noun: the rich; the dead; the homeless. No, that's {lo}. > Used before an absolute adjective: the best we can offer. That's {lo}. > Used before a present participle, signifying the action in the abstract: > the weaving of rugs. That's {lo nu}. > Used before a noun with the force of per: cherries at $1.50 the box. No, that needs some other construction. So {le} is "used before singular or plural (no difference in Lojban) nouns and noun phrases that denote particular, specified persons or things: the baby; the dress I wore." All the other functions that "the" has in English are left to {lo} or to something else. mu'o mi'e xorxes To unsubscribe from this list, send mail to lojban-list-request@lojban.org with the subject unsubscribe, or go to http://www.lojban.org/lsg2/, or if you're really stuck, send mail to secretary@lojban.org for help.