From lojban+bncCJuXjcvQFRCSm_ngBBoEzszm4g@googlegroups.com Sun Jun 20 10:19:47 2010 Received: from mail-yx0-f189.google.com ([209.85.213.189]) by chain.digitalkingdom.org with esmtp (Exim 4.72) (envelope-from ) id 1OQOB5-00061K-Hf; Sun, 20 Jun 2010 10:19:46 -0700 Received: by yxs7 with SMTP id 7sf8909915yxs.16 for ; Sun, 20 Jun 2010 10:19:20 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=googlegroups.com; s=beta; h=domainkey-signature:received:x-beenthere:received:received:received :received:received:received-spf:received:mime-version:received :received:date:message-id:subject:from:to:x-original-sender :x-original-authentication-results:reply-to:precedence:mailing-list :list-id:list-post:list-help:list-archive:sender:list-subscribe :list-unsubscribe:content-type; bh=7JJZjb6AqcfQK2+SSKELysKI6WMdeSMawnrq/M6oul8=; b=KHxecXxJyI4AbeMty0Bs3NXYeK4bf/s1yc2IGGXUJH6KNd0YH3oL8ZgBPqIPZnwMlr ZEXSe0mEAnTNefawFLvYfPUgSYzI9u3F4oTJwVnzcQlZXpcwpuZt1seV7uQH9HRifnzl XIgvcTg2KKV3yGNaCOC6R6TCRqnii/tdropn8= DomainKey-Signature: a=rsa-sha1; c=nofws; d=googlegroups.com; s=beta; h=x-beenthere:received-spf:mime-version:date:message-id:subject:from :to:x-original-sender:x-original-authentication-results:reply-to :precedence:mailing-list:list-id:list-post:list-help:list-archive :sender:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe:content-type; b=fRTq2kVM97rx24yjS4voxJN8xyauMcz87fpPmVDBN7Q9A5bQvRLJUHy6Puz+pbey5E Qhw42JtDljvMMAmHNowIBWGQM8hZ9qT4Q7HwvdgSb7teDdeJq5w3kfrA6KP+RmL8Kl47 GIw4dxV9WsQbbCQY/2lfxHC/BCz6YmNgGNc7Y= Received: by 10.151.63.32 with SMTP id q32mr310339ybk.27.1277054354407; Sun, 20 Jun 2010 10:19:14 -0700 (PDT) X-BeenThere: lojban@googlegroups.com Received: by 10.150.234.22 with SMTP id g22ls1819168ybh.7.p; Sun, 20 Jun 2010 10:19:13 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.151.17.33 with SMTP id u33mr2439525ybi.21.1277054353890; Sun, 20 Jun 2010 10:19:13 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.42.2.67 with SMTP id 3mr44043icj.23.1277020102420; Sun, 20 Jun 2010 00:48:22 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.42.2.67 with SMTP id 3mr44042icj.23.1277020102365; Sun, 20 Jun 2010 00:48:22 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mail-iw0-f179.google.com (mail-iw0-f179.google.com [209.85.214.179]) by gmr-mx.google.com with ESMTP id cr37si7865028ibb.0.2010.06.20.00.48.21; Sun, 20 Jun 2010 00:48:21 -0700 (PDT) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of gregory.nisbet@gmail.com designates 209.85.214.179 as permitted sender) client-ip=209.85.214.179; Received: by mail-iw0-f179.google.com with SMTP id 8so2934784iwn.24 for ; Sun, 20 Jun 2010 00:48:21 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: by 10.231.181.69 with SMTP id bx5mr3661729ibb.189.1277020098388; Sun, 20 Jun 2010 00:48:18 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.231.172.141 with HTTP; Sun, 20 Jun 2010 00:48:18 -0700 (PDT) Date: Sun, 20 Jun 2010 00:48:18 -0700 Message-ID: Subject: [lojban] Ambiguity resolution From: Greg Nisbet To: lojban@googlegroups.com X-Original-Sender: gregory.nisbet@gmail.com X-Original-Authentication-Results: gmr-mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: domain of gregory.nisbet@gmail.com designates 209.85.214.179 as permitted sender) smtp.mail=gregory.nisbet@gmail.com; dkim=pass (test mode) header.i=@gmail.com Reply-To: lojban@googlegroups.com Precedence: list Mailing-list: list lojban@googlegroups.com; contact lojban+owners@googlegroups.com List-ID: List-Post: , List-Help: , List-Archive: Sender: lojban@googlegroups.com List-Subscribe: , List-Unsubscribe: , Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=001636b1448155e1ba048971699a --001636b1448155e1ba048971699a Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Consider if you will the English sentence "some program decides if every program halts". It could have one of two meanings: 1) for every program A, there exists a program B that will correctly determine if program A halts 2) there exists a program A that will correctly determine for every program B if program B halts Sentence 1 is true. For every program p, either the program 'return true' or 'return false' will correctly decide if p halts. Sentence 2 is false. There is no program that solves the halting problem; that is, correctly decides for ANY program whether or not it halts. 'some' is analogous to an existential quantifier in English and 'every' is analogous to a universal quantifier. When you use both in the same sentence, it matters which one you 'consider' first. My question is, how does Lojban resolve this issue and how would you state sentence 1 and sentence 2? Thank you all, Gregory Thomas Nisbet -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "lojban" group. To post to this group, send email to lojban@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/lojban?hl=en. --001636b1448155e1ba048971699a Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Consider if you will the English sentence "some program decides if eve= ry program halts". It could have one of two meanings:

1) for e= very program A, there exists a program B that will correctly determine if p= rogram A halts
2) there exists a program A that will correctly determine for every program= B if program B halts

Sentence 1 is true. For every program p, eithe= r the program 'return true' or 'return false' will correctl= y decide if p halts.

Sentence 2 is false. There is no program that solves the halting proble= m; that is, correctly decides for ANY program whether or not it halts.
<= br>'some' is analogous to an existential quantifier in English and = 'every' is analogous to a universal quantifier. When you use both i= n the same sentence, it matters which one you 'consider' first. My = question is, how does Lojban resolve this issue and how would you state sen= tence 1 and sentence 2?

Thank you all,
Gregory Thomas Nisbet

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