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contact bpfk-list+owners@googlegroups.com List-ID: List-Post: , List-Help: , List-Archive: Sender: bpfk-list@googlegroups.com List-Subscribe: , List-Unsubscribe: , Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Length: 78135 commit 2e14acdfcbdcda9914710bbbd31e683cdd811f85 Merge: a15c4a3 310b160 Author: Robin Lee Powell Date: Thu Jan 27 19:46:48 2011 -0800 Merge commit '310b1609760fad49ec4b0478528a5d5e7d28f983' into gh-pages commit 310b1609760fad49ec4b0478528a5d5e7d28f983 Author: Eitan Postavsky Date: Sun Jan 2 14:59:38 2011 -0500 Chapter 5 section 14 and 15 s. diff --git a/todocbook/5.xml b/todocbook/5.xml index 13fd263..30b9d7f 100644 --- a/todocbook/5.xml +++ b/todocbook/5.xml @@ -2317,384 +2317,1428 @@ zerle'a crime-taker nunte'a event-of-fearing asymmetrical tanr= u typeselements-in-set + set T= he tertau represents a set, and the seltau the type of the elements contain= ed in that set: - - zdani lijgri house row - selci lamgri cell block - karda mulgri card pack (Swe) - rokci derxi stone heap (Swe) - tadni girzu student group (Hun) - remna girzu human-being group (Qab =3D group of peo= ple) - cpumi'i lijgri tractor column (Qab) - cevni jenmi god army (Skt) - cevni prenu god folk (Skt) - - lijgri =3D line-group - lamgri =3D adjacent-group - mulgri =3D complete-group - cpumi'i =3D pull-machine - + + + + + + + + zdani lijgri + house row + + + selci lamgri + cell block + + + karda mulgri + card pack + Swe + + + rokci derxi + stone heap + Swe + + + tadni girzu + student group + Hun + + + remna girzu + human-being group + Qab =3D group of people + + + cpumi'i lijgri + tractor column + Qab + + + cevni jenmi + god army + Skt + + + cevni prenu + god folk + Skt + + + + + + + lijgri + line-group + + + lamgri + adjacent-group + + + mulgri + complete-group + + + cpumi'i + pull-machine + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesset + element-of-set Co= nversely: the tertau is an element, and the seltau represents a set in whic= h that element is contained. Implicitly, the meaning of the tertau is restr= icted from its usual general meaning to the specific meaning appropriate fo= r elements in the given set. Note the opposition between=20 zdani linji in the previous group, and=20 linji zdani in this one, which shows why this k= ind of tanru is called=20 asymmetrical. - - carvi dirgo raindrop (Tur,Kor,Hun,Udm,Aba) - linji zdani row house - + + + + + + + + carvi dirgo + raindrop + Tur,Kor,Hun,Udm,Aba + + + linji zdani + row house + + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesobject + component/detail The seltau specifies an object and the tertau a component or detail of t= hat object; the tanru as a whole refers to the detail, specifying that it i= s a detail of that whole and not some other. - - junla dadysli clock pendulum (Hun) - purdi vorme garden door (Qab) - purdi bitmu garden wall (Que) - moklu skapi mouth skin (Imb =3D lips) - nazbi kevna nose hole (Imb =3D nostril) - karce xislu automobile wheel (Chi) - jipci pimlu chicken feather (Chi) - vinji rebla airplane tail (Chi) - - dadysli =3D hang-oscillator - + + + + + + + + junla dadysli + clock pendulum + Hun + + + purdi vorme + garden door + Qab + + + purdi bitmu + garden wall + Que + + + moklu skapi + mouth skin + Imb =3D lips + + + nazbi kevna + nose hole + Imb =3D nostril + + + karce xislu + automobile wheel + Chi + + + jipci pimlu + chicken feather + Chi + + + vinji rebla + airplane tail + Chi + + + + + + + dadysli + hang-oscillator + + asymmetrical tanr= u typescharacteristic/detail + object Conversely: the seltau specifies a characteristic or important deta= il of the object described by the tertau; objects described by the tanru as= a whole are differentiated from other similar objects by this detail. - - pixra cukta picture book - kerfa silka hair silk (Kar =3D velvet) - plise tapla apple cake (Tur) - dadysli junla pendulum clock (Hun) - - dadysli =3D hang-oscillator - + + + + + + + + pixra cukta + picture book + + + kerfa silka + hair silk + Kar =3D velvet + + + plise tapla + apple cake + Tur + + + dadysli junla + pendulum clock + Hun + + + + + + + dadysli + hang-oscillator + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesgeneral-class + sub-class The tertau specifies a general class of object (a genus), and the seltau= specifies a sub-class of that class (a species): - - ckunu tricu pine tree (Hun,Tur,Hop) - + + + + + + + + ckunu tricu + pine tree + Hun,Tur,Hop + + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typespossessor + object The = tertau specifies an object of possession, and the seltau may specify the po= ssessor (the possession may be intrinsic or otherwise). In English, these c= ompounds have an explicit possessive element in them:=20 lion's mane,=20 child's foot,=20 noble's cow. - - cinfo kerfa lion mane (Kor,Tur,Hun,Udm,Qab) - verba jamfu child foot (Swe) - nixli tuple girl leg (Swe) - cinfo jamfu lion foot (Que) - danlu skapi animal skin (Ewe) - ralju zdani chief house (Ewe) - jmive munje living world (Skt) - nobli bakni noble cow (Skt) - nolraitru ralju king chief (Skt =3D emperor) - - nolraitru =3D nobly-superlative-ruler - + + + + + + + + cinfo kerfa + lion mane + Kor,Tur,Hun,Udm,Qab + + + verba jamfu + child foot + Swe + + + nixli tuple + girl leg + Swe + + + cinfo jamfu + lion foot + Que + + + danlu skapi + animal skin + Ewe + + + ralju zdani + chief house + Ewe + + + jmive munje + living world + Skt + + + nobli bakni + noble cow + Skt + + + nolraitru ralju + king chief + Skt =3D emperor + + + + + + + nolraitru + nobly-superlative-ruler + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesinhabitant + habitat Th= e tertau specifies a habitat, and the seltau specifies the inhabitant: - - lanzu tumla family land - + + + + + + + lanzu tumla + family land + + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typeseffect + causative agent The tertau specifies a causative agent, and the seltau specifies the effe= ct of that cause: - - kalselvi'i gapci tear gas (Hun) - terbi'a jurme disease germ (Tur) - fenki litki crazy liquid (Hop =3D whisky) - pinca litki urine liquid (Hop =3D beer) - - kalselvi'i =3D eye-excreted-thing - terbi'a =3D disease - + + + + + + + + kalselvi'i gapci + tear gas + Hun + + + terbi'a jurme + disease germ + Tur + + + fenki litki + crazy liquid + Hop =3D whisky + + + pinca litki + urine liquid + Hop =3D beer + + + + + + + kalselvi'i + eye-excreted-thing + + + terbi'a + disease + + asymmetrical tanr= u typescause + effect Converse= ly: the tertau specifies an effect, and the seltau specifies its cause. - - djacu barna water mark (Chi) - + + + + + + + + djacu barna + water mark + Chi + + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typespurpose-of-instrument + instrument<= /indexterm> The tertau specifies an instrument, and the seltau specifies th= e purpose of that instrument: - - taxfu dadgreku garment rack (Chi) - tergu'i ti'otci lamp shade (Chi) - xirma zdani horse house (Chi =3D stall) - nuzba tanbo news board (Chi =3D bulletin board) - - - dadgreku =3D hang-frame - tergu'i =3D source of illumination - ti'otci =3D shadow-tool - + + + + + + + + taxfu dadgreku + garment rack + Chi + + + tergu'i ti'otci + lamp shade + Chi + + + xirma zdani + horse house + Chi =3D stall + + + nuzba tanbo + news board + Chi =3D bulletin board + + + + + + + dadgreku + hang-frame + + + tergu'i + source of illumination + + + ti'otci + shadow-tool + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesobject-of-purpose-of-instrument + instrument More vaguely: the tertau specifies an instrument, and= the seltau specifies the object of the purpose for which that instrument i= s used: - - cpina rokci pepper stone (Que =3D stone for grindin= g pepper) - jamfu djacu foot water (Skt =3D water for washing t= he feet) - grana mudri post wood (Skt =3D wood for making a po= st) - moklu djacu mouth water (Hun =3D water for washing = the mouth) - lanme gerku sheep dog (dog for working sheep) - + + + + + + + + cpina rokci + pepper stone + Que =3D stone for grinding pepper + + + jamfu djacu + foot water + Skt =3D water for washing the feet + + + grana mudri + post wood + Skt =3D wood for making a post + + + moklu djacu + mouth water + Hun =3D water for washing the mouth + + + lanme gerku + sheep dog + dog for working sheep + + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typessource + product The te= rtau specifies a product from some source, and the seltau specifies the sou= rce of the product: - - moklu djacu mouth water (Aba,Qab =3D saliva) - ractu mapku rabbit hat (Rus) - jipci sovda chicken egg (Chi) - sikcurnu silka silkworm silk (Chi) - mlatu kalci cat feces (Chi) - bifce lakse bee wax (Chi =3D beeswax) - cribe rectu bear meat (Tur,Kor,Hun,Udm,Aba) - solxrula grasu sunflower oil (Tur,Kor,Hun,Udm,Aba) - bifce jisra bee juice (Hop =3D honey) - tatru litki breast liquid (Hop =3D milk) - kanla djacu eye water (Kor =3D tear) - - sikcurnu =3D silk-worm - solxrula =3D solar-flower - - asymmetrical tanr= u typesproduct + source Conver= sely: the tertau specifies the source of a product, and the seltau specifie= s the product: - - silna jinto salt well (Chi) - kolme terkakpa coal mine (Chi) - ctile jinto oil well (Chi) - - terkakpa =3D source of digging - - asymmetrical tanr= u typessource-material + object The tertau specifies an object, and the seltau specifies the material fro= m which the object is made. This case is especially interesting, because th= e referent of the tertau may normally be made from just one kind of materia= l, which is then overridden in the tanru. - - rokci cinfo stone lion - snime nanmu snow man (Hun) - kliti cipni clay bird - blaci kanla glass eye (Hun) - blaci kanla glass eye (Que =3D spectacles) - solji sicni gold coin (Tur) - solji junla gold watch (Tur,Kor,Hun) - solji djine gold ring (Udm,Aba,Que) - rokci zdani stone house (Imb) - mudri zdani wood house (Ewe =3D wooden house) - rokci bitmu stone wall (Ewe) - solji carce gold chariot (Skt) - mudri xarci wood weapon (Skt =3D wooden weapon) - cmaro'i dargu pebble road (Chi) - sudysrasu cutci straw shoe (Chi) - - cmaro'i =3D small-rock - sudysrasu =3D dry-grass - - Note: the two senses of=20 - blaci kanla can be discriminated as: - - blaci kanla bo tarmi glass (eye shape) =3D glass eye - blaci kanla bo sidju glass (eye helper) =3D spectacles - - asymmetrical tanr= u typesobject-measured + standard-object The tertau specifies a typical object used to measure a quantity= and the seltau specifies something measured. The tanru as a whole refers t= o a given quantity of the thing being measured. English does not have compo= unds of this form, as a rule. - - tumla spisa land piece (Tur =3D piece of land) - tcati kabri tea cup (Kor,Aba =3D cup of tea) - nanba spisa bread piece (Kor =3D piece of bread) - bukpu spisa cloth piece (Udm,Aba =3D piece of cloth= ) - djacu calkyguzme water calabash (Ewe =3D calabash of wat= er) - - calkyguzme =3D shell-fruit, calabash - - asymmetrical tanr= u typesoverriding-property + object-with-implicit-prop= erties The tertau specifies an object with certain = implicit properties, and the seltau overrides one of those implicit propert= ies: - - kensa bloti spaceship - bakni verba cattle child (Ewe =3D calf) - - asymmetrical tanr= u typeswhole + part The seltau= specifies a whole, and the tertau specifies a part which normally is assoc= iated with a different whole. The tanru then refers to a part of the seltau= which stands in the same relationship to the whole seltau as the tertau st= ands to its typical whole. - - kosta degji coat finger (Hun =3D coat sleeve) - denci genja tooth root (Imb) - tricu stedu tree head (Imb =3D treetop) - - asymmetrical tanr= u typesproduct + producer The = tertau specifies the producer of a certain product, and the seltau specifie= s the product. In this way, the tanru as a whole distinguishes its referent= s from other referents of the tertau which do not produce the product. - - silka curnu silkworm (Tur,Hun,Aba) - - asymmetrical tanr= u typesobject-giving-characteristic + other-object The tertau specifies an object, and the seltau specifi= es another object which has a characteristic property. The tanru as a whole= refers to those referents of the tertau which possess the property. - - sonci manti soldier ant - ninmu bakni woman cattle (Imb =3D cow) - mamta degji mother finger (Imb =3D thumb) - cifnu degji baby finger (Imb =3D pinky) - pacraistu zdani hell house (Skt) - fagri dapma fire curse (Skt =3D curse destructive= as fire) - - pacraistu =3D evil-superlative-site - - asymmetrical tanr= u typessimilar-appearance-object + object<= /indexterm> As a particular case (when the property is that of resemblance)= : the seltau specifies an object which the referent of the tanru resembles.= - - grutrceraso jbama cherry bomb - solji kerfa gold hair (Hun =3D golden hair) - kanla djacu eye water (Kar =3D spring) - bakni rokci bull stone (Mon =3D boulder) - - grutrceraso =3D fu'ivla for=20 - cherry based on Linnean name - - asymmetrical tanr= u typestypical-place + object = The seltau specifies a place, and the tertau an object characteristically l= ocated in or at that place. - - ckana boxfo bed sheet (Chi) - mrostu mojysu'a tomb monument (Chi =3D tombstone) - jubme tergusni table lamp (Chi) - foldi smacu field mouse (Chi) - briju ci'ajbu office desk (Chi) - rirxe xirma river horse (Chi =3D hippopotamus) - xamsi gerku sea dog (Chi =3D seal) - cagyce'u zdani village house (Skt) - - mrostu =3D dead-site - mojysu'a =3D remember-structure - ci'ajbu =3D write-table - cagyce'u =3D farm-community - - asymmetrical tanr= u typesobject + place-sold Spe= cifically: the tertau is a place where the seltau is sold or made available= to the public. - - cidja barja food bar (Chi =3D restaurant) - cukta barja book bar (Chi =3D library) - - asymmetrical tanr= u typeslocus-of-application + object The seltau specifies the locus of application of the tertau. - - kanla velmikce eye medicine (Chi) - jgalu grasu nail oil (Chi =3D nail polish) - denci pesxu tooth paste (Chi) - - velmikce =3D treatment used by doctor - + + + + + + + + moklu djacu + mouth water + Aba,Qab =3D saliva + + + ractu mapku + rabbit hat + Rus + + + jipci sovda + chicken egg + Chi + + + sikcurnu silka + silkworm silk + Chi + + + mlatu kalci + cat feces + Chi + + + bifce lakse + bee wax + Chi =3D beeswax + + + cribe rectu + bear meat + Tur,Kor,Hun,Udm,Aba + + + solxrula grasu + sunflower oil + Tur,Kor,Hun,Udm,Aba + + + bifce jisra + bee juice + Hop =3D honey + + + tatru litki + breast liquid + Hop =3D milk + + + kanla djacu + eye water + Kor =3D tear + + + + + + + sikcurnu + silk-worm + + + solxrula + solar-flower + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesproduct + source Conver= sely: the tertau specifies the source of a product, and the seltau specifie= s the product: + + + + + + + + silna jinto + salt well + Chi + + + kolme terkakpa + coal mine + Chi + + + ctile jinto + oil well + Chi + + + + + + + terkakpa + source of digging + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typessource-material + object The tertau specifies an object, and the seltau specifies the material fro= m which the object is made. This case is especially interesting, because th= e referent of the tertau may normally be made from just one kind of materia= l, which is then overridden in the tanru. + + + + + + + + rokci cinfo + stone lion + + + snime nanmu + snow man + Hun + + + kliti cipni + clay bird + + + blaci kanla + glass eye + Hun + + + blaci kanla + glass eye + Que =3D spectacles + + + solji sicni + gold coin + Tur + + + solji junla + gold watch + Tur,Kor,Hun + + + solji djine + gold ring + Udm,Aba,Que + + + rokci zdani + stone house + Imb + + + mudri zdani + wood house + Ewe =3D wooden house + + + rokci bitmu + stone wall + Ewe + + + solji carce + gold chariot + Skt + + + mudri xarci + wood weapon + Skt =3D wooden weapon + + + cmaro'i dargu + pebble road + Chi + + + sudysrasu cutci + straw shoe + Chi + + + + + + + cmaro'i + small-rock + + + sudysrasu + dry-grass + + + Note: the two senses of=20 + blaci kanla can be discriminated as: + + + + + + + + blaci kanla bo tarmi + glass (eye shape) + glass eye + + + blaci kanla bo sidju + glass (eye helper) + spectacles + + + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesobject-measured + standard-object The tertau specifies a typical object used to measure a quantity= and the seltau specifies something measured. The tanru as a whole refers t= o a given quantity of the thing being measured. English does not have compo= unds of this form, as a rule. + + + + + + + + tumla spisa + land piece + Tur =3D piece of land + + + tcati kabri + tea cup + Kor,Aba =3D cup of tea + + + nanba spisa + bread piece + Kor =3D piece of bread + + + bukpu spisa + cloth piece + Udm,Aba =3D piece of cloth + + + djacu calkyguzme + water calabash + Ewe =3D calabash of water + + + + + + + calkyguzme + shell-fruit, calabash + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesoverriding-property + object-with-implicit-prop= erties The tertau specifies an object with certain = implicit properties, and the seltau overrides one of those implicit propert= ies: + + + + + + + + kensa bloti + spaceship + + + bakni verba + cattle child + Ewe =3D calf + + + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typeswhole + part The seltau= specifies a whole, and the tertau specifies a part which normally is assoc= iated with a different whole. The tanru then refers to a part of the seltau= which stands in the same relationship to the whole seltau as the tertau st= ands to its typical whole. + + + + + + + + kosta degji + coat finger + Hun =3D coat sleeve + + + denci genja + tooth root + Imb + + + tricu stedu + tree head + Imb =3D treetop + + + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesproduct + producer The = tertau specifies the producer of a certain product, and the seltau specifie= s the product. In this way, the tanru as a whole distinguishes its referent= s from other referents of the tertau which do not produce the product. + + + + + + + + silka curnu + silkworm + Tur,Hun,Aba + + + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesobject-giving-characteristic + other-object The tertau specifies an object, and the seltau specifi= es another object which has a characteristic property. The tanru as a whole= refers to those referents of the tertau which possess the property. + + + + + + + + sonci manti + soldier ant + + + ninmu bakni + woman cattle + Imb =3D cow + + + mamta degji + mother finger + Imb =3D thumb + + + cifnu degji + baby finger + Imb =3D pinky + + + pacraistu zdani + hell house + Skt + + + fagri dapma + fire curse + Skt =3D curse destructive as fire + + + + + + + pacraistu + evil-superlative-site + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typessimilar-appearance-object + object<= /indexterm> As a particular case (when the property is that of resemblance)= : the seltau specifies an object which the referent of the tanru resembles.= + + + + + + + + grutrceraso jbama + cherry bomb + + + solji kerfa + gold hair + Hun =3D golden hair + + + kanla djacu + eye water + Kar =3D spring + + + bakni rokci + bull stone + Mon =3D boulder + + + + + + + grutrceraso + fu'ivla for cherry based on Linnean= name + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typestypical-place + object = The seltau specifies a place, and the tertau an object characteristically l= ocated in or at that place. + + + + + + + + ckana boxfo + bed sheet + Chi + + + mrostu mojysu'a + tomb monument + Chi =3D tombstone + + + jubme tergusni + table lamp + Chi + + + foldi smacu + field mouse + Chi + + + briju ci'ajbu + office desk + Chi + + + rirxe xirma + river horse + Chi =3D hippopotamus + + + xamsi gerku + sea dog + Chi =3D seal + + + cagyce'u zdani + village house + Skt + + + + + + + mrostu + dead-site + + + mojysu'a + remember-structure + + + ci'ajbu + write-table + + + cagyce'u + farm-community + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesobject + place-sold Spe= cifically: the tertau is a place where the seltau is sold or made available= to the public. + + + + + + + + cidja barja + food bar + Chi =3D restaurant + + + cukta barja + book bar + Chi =3D library + + + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typeslocus-of-application + object The seltau specifies the locus of application of the tertau. + + + + + + + + kanla velmikce + eye medicine + Chi + + + jgalu grasu + nail oil + Chi =3D nail polish + + + denci pesxu + tooth paste + Chi + + + + + + + velmikce + treatment used by doctor + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesactivity + implement-used The tertau specifies an implement used in the activity denoted by the se= ltau. - - me la pinpan. bolci Ping-Pong ball (Chi) - + + + + + + + + me la pinpan. bolci + Ping-Pong ball + Chi + + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesundesired-object + protection-object The tertau specifies a protective device against the undesira= ble features of the referent of the seltau. - - carvi mapku rain cap (Chi) - carvi taxfu rain garment (Chi =3D raincoat) - vindu firgai poison mask (Chi =3D gas mask) - - firgai =3D face-cover - + + + + + + + + carvi mapku + rain cap + Chi + + + carvi taxfu + rain garment + Chi =3D raincoat + + + vindu firgai + poison mask + Chi =3D gas mask + + + + + + + firgai + face-cover + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesobject + usual-container The tertau specifies a container characteristically used to hold the refe= rent of the seltau. - - cukta vasru book vessel (Chi =3D satchel) - vanju kabri wine cup (Chi) - spatrkoka lanka coca basket (Que) - rismi dakli rice bag (Ewe,Chi) - tcati kabri tea cup (Chi) - ladru botpi milk bottle (Chi) - rismi patxu rice pot (Chi) - festi lante trash can (Chi) - bifce zdani bee house (Kor =3D beehive) - cladakyxa'i zdani sword house (Kor =3D sheath) - manti zdani ant nest (Gua =3D anthill) - - spatrkoka =3D fu'ivla for=20 - coca - cladakyxa'i =3D (long-knife)-weapon - + + + + + + + + cukta vasru + book vessel + Chi =3D satchel + + + vanju kabri + wine cup + Chi + + + spatrkoka lanka + coca basket + Que + + + rismi dakli + rice bag + Ewe,Chi + + + tcati kabri + tea cup + Chi + + + ladru botpi + milk bottle + Chi + + + rismi patxu + rice pot + Chi + + + festi lante + trash can + Chi + + + bifce zdani + bee house + Kor =3D beehive + + + cladakyxa'i zdani + sword house + Kor =3D sheath + + + manti zdani + ant nest + Gua =3D anthill + + + + + + + spatrkoka + fu'ivla for coca + + + cladakyxa'i + (long-knife)-weapon + + asymmetrical tanr= u typescharacteristic-time + event The seltau specifies the characteristic time of the event specified by= the tertau. - - vensa djedi spring day (Chi) - crisa citsi summer season (Chi) - cerni bumru morning fog (Chi) - critu lunra autumn moon (Chi) - dunra nicte winter night (Chi) - nicte ckule night school (Chi) - + + + + + + + + vensa djedi + spring day + Chi + + + crisa citsi + summer season + Chi + + + cerni bumru + morning fog + Chi + + + critu lunra + autumn moon + Chi + + + dunra nicte + winter night + Chi + + + nicte ckule + night school + Chi + + + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesenergy-source + powered= The seltau specifies a source of energy for the referent of the tertau. - - dikca tergusni electric lamp (Chi) - ratni nejni atom energy (Chi) - brife molki windmill (Tur,Kor,Hun,Udm,Aba) - - tergusni =3D illumination-source - + + + + + + + + dikca tergusni + electric lamp + Chi + + + ratni nejni + atom energy + Chi + + + brife molki + windmill + Tur,Kor,Hun,Udm,Aba + + + + + + + tergusni + illumination-source + + asymmetrical tanr= u typesmiscellaneous Finally, = some tanru which don't fall into any of the above categories. - - ladru denci milk tooth (Tur,Hun,Udm,Qab) - kanla denci eye tooth - + + + + + + + + ladru denci + milk tooth + Tur,Hun,Udm,Qab + + + kanla denci + eye tooth + + + + It is clear that=20 tooth is being specified, and that=20 milk and=20 eye act as modifiers. However, the relationship between= =20 ladru and=20 denci is something like=20 tooth which one has when one is drinking milk from one's mother= , a relationship certainly present nowhere except in this particula= r concept. As for=20 kanla denci, the relationship is not only not p= resent on the surface, it is hardly possible to formulate it at all.
Some types of symmetrical tanru =20 symmetrical tanru= This section deals with symmetrical tanru, where ord= er is not important. Many of these tanru can be expressed with a logical or= non-logical connective between the components. =20 symmetrical tanru= typesboth separately true The= tanru may refer to things which are correctly specified by both tanru comp= onents. Some of these instances may also be seen as asymmetrical tanru wher= e the seltau specifies a material. The connective=20 =20 je is appropriate: - - cipnrstrigi pacru'i owl demon (Skt) - nolraitru prije royal sage (Skt) - remna nakni human-being male (Qab =3D man) - remna fetsi human-being female (Qab =3D woman) - sonci tolvri soldier coward (Que) - panzi nanmu offspring man (Ewe =3D son) - panzi ninmu offspring woman (Ewe =3D daughter) - solji sicni gold coin (Tur) - solji junla gold watch (Tur,Kor,Hun) - solji djine gold ring (Udm,Aba,Que) - rokci zdani stone house (Imb) - mudri zdani wooden house (Ewe) - rokci bitmu stone wall (Ewe) - solji carce gold chariot (Skt) - mudri xarci wooden weapon (Skt) - zdani tcadu home town (Chi) - - cipnrstrigi =3D fu'ivla for=20 - owl based on Linnean name - pacru'i =3D evil-spirit - tolvri =3D opposite-of-brave - + + + + + + + + cipnrstrigi pacru'i + owl demon + Skt + + + nolraitru prije + royal sage + Skt + + + remna nakni + human-being male + Qab =3D man + + + remna fetsi + human-being female + Qab =3D woman + + + sonci tolvri + soldier coward + Que + + + panzi nanmu + offspring man + Ewe =3D son + + + panzi ninmu + offspring woman + Ewe =3D daughter + + + solji sicni + gold coin + Tur + + + solji junla + gold watch + Tur,Kor,Hun + + + solji djine + gold ring + Udm,Aba,Que + + + rokci zdani + stone house + Imb + + + mudri zdani + wooden house + Ewe + + + rokci bitmu + stone wall + Ewe + + + solji carce + gold chariot + Skt + + + mudri xarci + wooden weapon + Skt + + + zdani tcadu + home town + Chi + + + + + + + cipnrstrigi + fu'ivla for owl based on Linnean na= me + + + pacru'i + evil-spirit + + + tolvri + opposite-of-brave + + symmetrical tanru= typesone or other true The ta= nru may refer to all things which are specified by either of the tanru comp= onents. The connective=20 ja is appropriate: - - nunji'a nunterji'a victory defeat (Skt =3D victory or defe= at) - donri nicte day night (Skt =3D day and night) - lunra tarci moon stars (Skt =3D moon and stars) - patfu mamta father mother (Imb,Kaz,Chi =3D parents) - - tuple birka leg arm (Kaz =3D extremity) - nuncti nunpinxe eating drinking (Udm =3D cuisine) - bersa tixnu son daughter (Chi =3D children) - - nunji'a =3D event-of-winning - nunterji'a =3D event-of-losing - nuncti =3D event-of-eating - nunpinxe =3D event-of-drinking - + + + + + + + + nunji'a nunterji'a + victory defeat + Skt =3D victory or defeat + + + donri nicte + day night + Skt =3D day and night + + + lunra tarci + moon stars + Skt =3D moon and stars + + + patfu mamta + father mother + Imb,Kaz,Chi =3D parents + + + tuple birka + leg arm + Kaz =3D extremity + + + nuncti nunpinxe + eating drinking + Udm =3D cuisine + + + bersa tixnu + son daughter + Chi =3D children + + + + + + + nunji'a + event-of-winning + + + nunterji'a + event-of-losing + + + nuncti + event-of-eating + + + nunpinxe + event-of-drinking + + symmetrical tanru= typesusing more inclusive class Alternatively, the tanru may refer to things which are specified by eith= er of the tanru components or by some more inclusive class of things which = the components typify: - - curnu jalra worm beetle (Mon =3D insect) - - jalra curnu beetle worm (Mon =3D insect) - - kabri palta cup plate (Kaz =3D crockery) - jipci gunse hen goose (Qab =3D housefowl) - xrula tricu flower tree (Chi =3D vegetation) - + + + + + + + + curnu jalra + worm beetle + Mon =3D insect + + + jalra curnu + beetle worm + Mon =3D insect + + + kabri palta + cup plate + Kaz =3D crockery + + + jipci gunse + hen goose + Qab =3D housefowl + + + xrula tricu + flower tree + Chi =3D vegetation + + + + symmetrical tanru= typesusing crucial/typical parts The tanru components specify crucial or typical parts of the referent o= f the tanru as a whole: - - tumla vacri land air (Fin =3D world) - moklu stedu mouth head (Aba =3D face) - sudysrasu cunmi hay millet (Qab =3D agriculture) - gugde ciste state system (Mon =3D politics) - prenu so'imei people multitude (Mon =3D masses) - djacu dertu water earth (Chi =3D climate) - - sudysrasu =3D dry-grass - so'imei =3D manysome - - + + + + + + + + tumla vacri + land air + Fin =3D world + + + moklu stedu + mouth head + Aba =3D face + + + sudysrasu cunmi + hay millet + Qab =3D agriculture + + + gugde ciste + state system + Mon =3D politics + + + prenu so'imei + people multitude + Mon =3D masses + + + djacu dertu + water earth + Chi =3D climate + + + + + + + sudysrasu + dry-grass + + + so'imei + manysome + +
<quote>Pretty little girls' school</quote>: forty ways to say it</titl= e> <para> <indexterm type=3D"general-imported"><primary>pretty little gir= ls' school</primary><secondary>forty ways</secondary></indexterm> The follo= wing examples show every possible grouping arrangement of=20 <jbophrase>melbi cmalu nixli ckule</jbophrase> using=20 <jbophrase>bo</jbophrase> or=20 <jbophrase>ke ... ke'e</jbophrase> for grouping and=20 <jbophrase>je</jbophrase> or=20 <jbophrase glossary=3D"false">jebo</jbophrase> for logical connection.= Most of these are definitely not plausible interpretations of the English = phrase=20 --=20 You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "= BPFK" group. To post to this group, send email to bpfk-list@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe from this group, send email to bpfk-list+unsubscribe@googleg= roups.com. For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/bpfk-l= ist?hl=3Den.