Received: with ECARTIS (v1.0.0; list lojban-beginners); Sun, 01 Feb 2009 12:53:15 -0800 (PST) Received: from nobody by chain.digitalkingdom.org with local (Exim 4.69) (envelope-from ) id 1LTjJb-0007Bd-Lm for lojban-beginners-real@lojban.org; Sun, 01 Feb 2009 12:53:15 -0800 Received: from mail-bw0-f12.google.com ([209.85.218.12]) by chain.digitalkingdom.org with esmtp (Exim 4.69) (envelope-from ) id 1LTjJY-0007BO-CH for lojban-beginners@lojban.org; Sun, 01 Feb 2009 12:53:15 -0800 Received: by bwz5 with SMTP id 5so998595bwz.10 for ; Sun, 01 Feb 2009 12:53:05 -0800 (PST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=gamma; h=domainkey-signature:mime-version:received:in-reply-to:references :date:message-id:subject:from:to:content-type :content-transfer-encoding; bh=xLUHrXJctRjaNR9I6YtUNcwnNN+GLLBd0OepqG4BaYs=; b=Hi2NqA0nxm4TiDb9FkPY2s2LhzWSEPkBifcJpnqeeRp72wuAgZhATtef3A7KyeznHg DAWR0d4QYlKT04S4mXZhgq6m7hqj19CegThAIk/7GfWG46VVbkS7BeGtIwXXRZhqwBi/ CbrHEiVDytWPzL6MAWsvfp/1/Ui+3VQiWyZ0g= DomainKey-Signature: a=rsa-sha1; c=nofws; d=gmail.com; s=gamma; h=mime-version:in-reply-to:references:date:message-id:subject:from:to :content-type:content-transfer-encoding; b=Xebe4pSIFF/KMNP17bpG1rdA4EDWGsWS8DJHJIRRzRufzXb8kUEa42iJHMBa9wkZUq U5FnqG++zT0rT5mJloBHiyYmI1GEBwnpxZ0y4XAhDgiw752E0iKvXAwk7XXzXtQpbBpI xoOvfXblPUS2O9kZKeC7U4MFPm1rtkKGKiqo8= MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: by 10.223.105.75 with SMTP id s11mr2415417fao.4.1233521584335; Sun, 01 Feb 2009 12:53:04 -0800 (PST) In-Reply-To: <5715b9300902011225g19c9e6f5q370eac68e157ce3f@mail.gmail.com> References: <5715b9300902011225g19c9e6f5q370eac68e157ce3f@mail.gmail.com> Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2009 15:53:04 -0500 Message-ID: Subject: [lojban-beginners] Re: past perfect? From: Brett Williams To: lojban-beginners@lojban.org Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Spam-Score: -0.0 X-Spam-Score-Int: 0 X-Spam-Bar: / X-archive-position: 1310 X-ecartis-version: Ecartis v1.0.0 Sender: lojban-beginners-bounce@lojban.org Errors-to: lojban-beginners-bounce@lojban.org X-original-sender: mungojelly@gmail.com Precedence: bulk Reply-to: lojban-beginners@lojban.org X-list: lojban-beginners Content-Length: 1074 On Sun, Feb 1, 2009 at 3:25 PM, Luke Bergen wrote: > I took Greek back in high school and it just occurred to me that I have yet > to see a tense word that describes past point action. Is there a nice > direct way to say "I went to the store (and I have finished this act)". "mi > pu klama lo zarci" is vague as to whether I went and am still going or > whether I have gone and am finished with the going. I think perhaps you want "mi ba'o klama lo zarci". > Also, future tense, same question. What is "I will go to the store" vs. > "I will be going to the store" (note the continueing action with the second > sentence)? I might translate "I will be going" as "mi ba ca'o klama". The ZAhO are very useful for all sorts of complex tenses, some of which are unique to Lojban. Also, often in telling little stories using "ki" is even more expressive than complex tenses. .i ta'o je'u mi pu'o klama lo zarci BTW, I really am about to go to the store. .i .ai mi ba te vecnu lo kukte I'm gonna buy something delicious. mu'o mi'e selkik