Received: from mail-qy0-f189.google.com ([209.85.216.189]) by chain.digitalkingdom.org with esmtp (Exim 4.72) (envelope-from ) id 1OwNcK-0006zY-NQ; Thu, 16 Sep 2010 16:11:53 -0700 Received: by qyk12 with SMTP id 12sf2292633qyk.16 for ; Thu, 16 Sep 2010 16:11:42 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=googlegroups.com; s=beta; h=domainkey-signature:received:x-beenthere:received:received:received :received:received-spf:received:mime-version:received:received :in-reply-to:references:date:message-id:subject:from:to :x-original-sender:x-original-authentication-results:reply-to :precedence:mailing-list:list-id:list-post:list-help:list-archive :sender:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe:content-type; bh=5PHHXr2QujAqhIRQdbtXtkaeJYbmrE3rUHwPwTBvnq0=; b=FvjSR1z0pfhhpCmYAdcbdXc/iX7dCE7pKlCMhNdtQYuU1JK5yTlLzyEX28RfqCG51C y0EKenEEgPwbko2jqQ6Z4kmFJ9yfm0X7kXhZO+MgT5yXnhNMKqRs7CXsTcL0xXRcirGD R/MsXjwKIk4yQlpFlpBDUii/hc51zF2+HCWbc= DomainKey-Signature: a=rsa-sha1; c=nofws; d=googlegroups.com; s=beta; h=x-beenthere:received-spf:mime-version:in-reply-to:references:date :message-id:subject:from:to:x-original-sender :x-original-authentication-results:reply-to:precedence:mailing-list :list-id:list-post:list-help:list-archive:sender:list-subscribe :list-unsubscribe:content-type; b=lORuA7g0nRX0hRcYxbESvnmjx+4QjSjzqN2DYW3R4e0tCeUgRXM2HwGOr/oS1rxGct doRw0K5A0bq5w62m2k2hVpYf4f7nX/dCJk4wyzwcT2J/IP37pSDhAarEr5BsDHOrlxho mfLVv1dLvD6Pi22Q5AqrZVxc24hXM920s9Wo8= Received: by 10.224.47.34 with SMTP id l34mr422078qaf.38.1284678679427; Thu, 16 Sep 2010 16:11:19 -0700 (PDT) X-BeenThere: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com Received: by 10.224.87.217 with SMTP id x25ls546167qal.0.p; Thu, 16 Sep 2010 16:11:18 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.224.114.93 with SMTP id d29mr289125qaq.18.1284678678491; Thu, 16 Sep 2010 16:11:18 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.224.114.93 with SMTP id d29mr289124qaq.18.1284678678439; Thu, 16 Sep 2010 16:11:18 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mail-qy0-f173.google.com (mail-qy0-f173.google.com [209.85.216.173]) by gmr-mx.google.com with ESMTP id y27si1705568qce.14.2010.09.16.16.11.17; Thu, 16 Sep 2010 16:11:17 -0700 (PDT) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of blindbravado@gmail.com designates 209.85.216.173 as permitted sender) client-ip=209.85.216.173; Received: by qyk34 with SMTP id 34so126684qyk.4 for ; Thu, 16 Sep 2010 16:11:17 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: by 10.229.212.82 with SMTP id gr18mr972603qcb.177.1284678677145; Thu, 16 Sep 2010 16:11:17 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.229.101.208 with HTTP; Thu, 16 Sep 2010 16:11:17 -0700 (PDT) In-Reply-To: References: <201009152248.22472.phma@phma.optus.nu> Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2010 19:11:17 -0400 Message-ID: Subject: Re: [lojban-beginners] Cauchy sequences From: Ian Johnson To: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com X-Original-Sender: blindbravado@gmail.com X-Original-Authentication-Results: gmr-mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: domain of blindbravado@gmail.com designates 209.85.216.173 as permitted sender) smtp.mail=blindbravado@gmail.com; dkim=pass (test mode) header.i=@gmail.com Reply-To: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com Precedence: list Mailing-list: list lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com; contact lojban-beginners+owners@googlegroups.com List-ID: List-Post: , List-Help: , List-Archive: Sender: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com List-Subscribe: , List-Unsubscribe: , Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=0016e686cd3a33a73304906890f4 Content-Length: 18107 --0016e686cd3a33a73304906890f4 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Ah, I see. That's a different thing, though; then the Cauchy sequence "has a limit"...if you want that thing that it gets close to to be a number. If you don't, then it doesn't. That makes sense. ki'e -- mi'o bazu klama ti tu zi'o On Thu, Sep 16, 2010 at 6:49 PM, Ross Ogilvie wrote: > Given xorxes' word for convergence, I'd translate "{x_k} is a Cauchy > sequence representing a real number x" as > {x_k} jbize'a x > > Because in your context of real analysis all convergent sequences are > Cauchy sequences (and vice versa). In a more general metric space context > > "{x_k} is a Cauchy sequence in metric space Y with limit x" > {x_k} pornkoci Y fi'o jbize'a x > > And to answer your maths question. Consider the space of rational numbers. > Then there are sequences of rational numbers that converge to irrational > numbers. So considered in Q alone, they are Cauchy sequences (because all > the terms get closer and closer together) but they fail to have a limit > (they converge to a point outside the set). However the rationals are > archimedean. This is basically because Cauchy sequences are powerful enough > to find 'holes' in the space (for this example, you can find holes in the > rationals where you would normally have the irrationals) > > Ross > > On Fri, Sep 17, 2010 at 3:31 AM, Ian Johnson wrote: > >> Now you're past my analysis level; are systems in which Cauchy sequences >> don't converge to a limit necessarily not Archimedean? >> >> Regardless, in the sentence "{x_k} is a Cauchy sequence representing a >> real number x", how many predicates would you use? It's sounding like you >> would use two. >> >> >> -- >> >> mi'o bazu klama ti tu zi'o >> >> On Thu, Sep 16, 2010 at 2:55 AM, Ross Ogilvie wrote: >> >>> But Cauchy sequences don't necessarily converge to a limit. I would say >>> that convergence of a sequence to a limit should be a separate predicate, >>> but my vocab isn't up to finding one. You could then indicate the limit of a >>> Cauchy sequence with a tagged place. >>> >>> Ross >>> >>> On Thu, Sep 16, 2010 at 3:18 PM, Ian Johnson wrote: >>> >>>> That makes sense, but should that really be the x2? Or should there be >>>> another predicate that we use to relate numbers and sequences? For example, >>>> we could say: >>>> x1 is a Cauchy sequence converging to limit x2 in metric space x3. >>>> >>>> >>>> mi'o bazu klama ti tu zi'o >>>> >>>> On Wed, Sep 15, 2010 at 10:48 PM, Pierre Abbat wrote: >>>> >>>>> On Wednesday 15 September 2010 20:01:06 Ian Johnson wrote: >>>>> > I found myself being lazy in my analysis class having to repeatedly >>>>> write: >>>>> > Let x in R. Suppose {x_k} is a Cauchy sequence representing x. >>>>> > I was trying to come up with a good word to use to represent this >>>>> clunky >>>>> > relation, that is: >>>>> > x1 is a Cauchy sequence representing the real number x2. >>>>> > The thing I came up with first was pretty bad, but I didn't have a >>>>> > dictionary on me. It was {listrkoci}. Once I got to a dictionary I >>>>> thought >>>>> > of {porsrkoci}, which seems a bit better. Does anyone have any better >>>>> > ideas? Maybe something that isn't a fu'ivla? >>>>> >>>>> "porsrkoci" and "pornkoci" are both good, and are different forms of >>>>> the same >>>>> word (though the Book doesn't say that different rafsi of one gismu are >>>>> equivalent, except in lujvo). The alternatives are a lujvo, which would >>>>> be >>>>> longish, and "kocis.zei.porsi", which is also longish. I'd go >>>>> with "pornkoci". >>>>> >>>>> > To clarify, this should hold, if broda is assigned to this relation: >>>>> > li pa ce'o li pa fi'u re ce'o li pa fi'u ci ce'o ... broda li no >>>>> > (sorry that I don't know a good way to say "et cetera ad infinitum" >>>>> in >>>>> > lojban.) >>>>> >>>>> I think the place structure should be "x1 (sequence) is a Cauchy >>>>> sequence in >>>>> x1 (metric space)". I know a sequence of rational numbers which >>>>> converges to >>>>> +3 in the real numbers and to -3 in the 2-adic numbers. There are >>>>> Cauchy >>>>> sequences of rational numbers which don't converge to any rational >>>>> number, >>>>> and there are sequences of rational numbers which are Cauchy sequences >>>>> in one >>>>> metric but not in another. >>>>> >>>>> Pierre >>>>> -- >>>>> li fi'u vu'u fi'u fi'u du li pa >>>>> >>>>> -- >>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>>> Groups "Lojban Beginners" group. >>>>> To post to this group, send email to lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com >>>>> . >>>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >>>>> lojban-beginners+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com >>>>> . >>>>> For more options, visit this group at >>>>> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban-beginners?hl=en. >>>>> >>>>> >>>> -- >>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google >>>> Groups "Lojban Beginners" group. >>>> To post to this group, send email to lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com. >>>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >>>> lojban-beginners+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com >>>> . >>>> For more options, visit this group at >>>> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban-beginners?hl=en. >>>> >>> >>> -- >>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups >>> "Lojban Beginners" group. >>> To post to this group, send email to lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com. >>> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >>> lojban-beginners+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com >>> . >>> For more options, visit this group at >>> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban-beginners?hl=en. >>> >> >> -- >> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups >> "Lojban Beginners" group. >> To post to this group, send email to lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com. >> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to >> lojban-beginners+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com >> . >> For more options, visit this group at >> http://groups.google.com/group/lojban-beginners?hl=en. >> > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Lojban Beginners" group. > To post to this group, send email to lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com. > To unsubscribe from this group, send email to > lojban-beginners+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com > . > For more options, visit this group at > http://groups.google.com/group/lojban-beginners?hl=en. > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Lojban Beginners" group. To post to this group, send email to lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban-beginners+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/lojban-beginners?hl=en. --0016e686cd3a33a73304906890f4 Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Ah, I see. That's a different thing, though; then the Cauchy sequence &= quot;has a limit"...if you want that thing that it gets close to to be= a number. If you don't, then it doesn't. That makes sense.

ki'e

--

mi'o bazu klama ti tu zi'o

On Thu, Sep 16, 2010 at 6:49 PM, Ross Ogilvie <= ;oges007@gmail.com> wrot= e:
Given xorxes' word for convergence, I'd translate "{x_k} is a = Cauchy sequence representing a real number x" as
{x_k} jbize'a x

Because in your context of real analysis all con= vergent sequences are Cauchy sequences (and vice versa). In a more general = metric space context

"{x_k} is a Cauchy sequence in metric spa= ce Y with limit x"
{x_k} pornkoci Y fi'o jbize'a x

And to answer your maths que= stion. Consider the space of rational numbers. Then there are sequences of = rational numbers that converge to irrational numbers. So considered in Q al= one, they are Cauchy sequences (because all the terms get closer and closer= together) but they fail to have a limit (they converge to a point outside = the set). However the rationals are archimedean. This is basically because = Cauchy sequences are powerful enough to find 'holes' in the space (= for this example, you can find holes in the rationals where you would norma= lly have the irrationals)

Ross

On Fri, Sep 17, 2010 at 3:31 AM, Ian Johnson <= ;blindbravado@g= mail.com> wrote:
<= /div>
Now you're past my analysis level; are systems in which Cauchy sequence= s don't converge to a limit necessarily not Archimedean?

Regardl= ess, in the sentence "{x_k} is a Cauchy sequence representing a real n= umber x", how many predicates would you use? It's sounding like yo= u would use two.


--

mi'o bazu klama ti tu zi'o

<= div class=3D"gmail_quote">
On Thu, Sep 16, 2010 at 2:55 AM, Ross Ogilvi= e <oges007@gmail.com> wrote:
<= div>
But Cauchy sequences don't necessarily converge to a= limit. I would say that convergence of a sequence to a limit should be a s= eparate predicate, but my vocab isn't up to finding one. You could then= indicate the limit of a Cauchy sequence with a tagged place.

Ross

On T= hu, Sep 16, 2010 at 3:18 PM, Ian Johnson <blindbravado@gmail.com&= gt; wrote:
<= /div>
That makes sense, but should that really be the x2? Or should there be= another predicate that we use to relate numbers and sequences? For example= , we could say:
x1 is a Cauchy sequence converging to limit x2 in= metric space x3.=A0


mi'o bazu klama ti tu zi'o
=

On Wed, Sep 15, 2010 at 10:48 PM, Pierre Abbat <phma@= phma.optus.nu> wrote:
On Wednesday 15 Se= ptember 2010 20:01:06 Ian Johnson wrote:
> I found myself being lazy in my analysis class having to repeatedly wr= ite:
> Let x in R. Suppose {x_k} is a Cauchy sequence representing x.
> I was trying to come up with a good word to use to represent this clun= ky
> relation, that is:
> x1 is a Cauchy sequence representing the real number x2.
> The thing I came up with first was pretty bad, but I didn't have a=
> dictionary on me. It was {listrkoci}. Once I got to a dictionary I tho= ught
> of {porsrkoci}, which seems a bit better. Does anyone have any better<= br> > ideas? Maybe something that isn't a fu'ivla?

"porsrkoci" and "pornkoci" are both good, and are= different forms of the same
word (though the Book doesn't say that different rafsi of one gismu are=
equivalent, except in lujvo). The alternatives are a lujvo, which would be<= br> longish, and "kocis.zei.porsi", which is also longish. I'd go=
with "pornkoci".

> To clarify, this should hold, if broda is assigned to this relation: > li pa ce'o li pa fi'u re ce'o li pa fi'u ci ce'o .= .. broda li no
> (sorry that I don't know a good way to say "et cetera ad infi= nitum" in
> lojban.)

I think the place structure should be "x1 (sequence) is a Cauchy= sequence in
x1 (metric space)". I know a sequence of rational numbers which conver= ges to
+3 in the real numbers and to -3 in the 2-adic numbers. There are Cauchy sequences of rational numbers which don't converge to any rational numb= er,
and there are sequences of rational numbers which are Cauchy sequences in o= ne
metric but not in another.

Pierre
--
li fi'u vu'u fi'u fi'u du li pa

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