Received: from mail-qy0-f189.google.com ([209.85.216.189]) by chain.digitalkingdom.org with esmtp (Exim 4.72) (envelope-from ) id 1QCtAN-0000Mz-1B; Thu, 21 Apr 2011 05:39:31 -0700 Received: by qyk36 with SMTP id 36sf2748679qyk.16 for ; Thu, 21 Apr 2011 05:39:21 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=googlegroups.com; s=beta; h=domainkey-signature:x-beenthere:received-spf:mime-version:sender :in-reply-to:references:date:message-id:subject:from:to :x-original-sender:x-original-authentication-results:reply-to :precedence:mailing-list:list-id:x-google-group-id:list-post :list-help:list-archive:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe:content-type; bh=78jdLYVG+Y/mxyM5SsNglQLw7ri9BxwvMm+fM+GJgjg=; b=OyltKfKSl3DmKJdemvzikcVhooyXmfMwmXb6YgnA/neVmOqFajeIsbHM5nrqDzGB9t OWGepyt10G1FX6ghJUNBRCxIhrCqVJbkIldtLqnvHHO60SWhYYkbvy586L6BXwrozzHg hyfy3OZhDwAZH9InG7LDXyWf+4iqLXy3P5720= DomainKey-Signature: a=rsa-sha1; c=nofws; d=googlegroups.com; s=beta; h=x-beenthere:received-spf:mime-version:sender:in-reply-to:references :date:message-id:subject:from:to:x-original-sender :x-original-authentication-results:reply-to:precedence:mailing-list :list-id:x-google-group-id:list-post:list-help:list-archive :list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe:content-type; b=pM9aK/ma4841huqzth3ifadq5juaXYMfMPToNQa9hUvwTlQRl4eHI2yxMT7Z/rFhpX R+LD3K3A1RxILk4mwahj1STrJa+UldRo+/ZzKXdSvHs+gAvSvkdKK+jtxTiir3RbtIjx HCdolxEgLmHCAhBwsjfZB4hzp2kwUKS4ytM94= Received: by 10.224.214.193 with SMTP id hb1mr730956qab.33.1303389556495; Thu, 21 Apr 2011 05:39:16 -0700 (PDT) X-BeenThere: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com Received: by 10.224.176.70 with SMTP id bd6ls414518qab.5.gmail; Thu, 21 Apr 2011 05:39:16 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.224.192.10 with SMTP id do10mr575226qab.4.1303389555993; Thu, 21 Apr 2011 05:39:15 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.224.183.200 with SMTP id ch8msqab; Thu, 21 Apr 2011 02:58:33 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.220.55.134 with SMTP id u6mr2661886vcg.7.1303379913527; Thu, 21 Apr 2011 02:58:33 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.220.55.134 with SMTP id u6mr2661885vcg.7.1303379913514; Thu, 21 Apr 2011 02:58:33 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mail-qy0-f169.google.com (mail-qy0-f169.google.com [209.85.216.169]) by gmr-mx.google.com with ESMTPS id d1si181554vch.14.2011.04.21.02.58.32 (version=TLSv1/SSLv3 cipher=OTHER); Thu, 21 Apr 2011 02:58:32 -0700 (PDT) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of paskios@gmail.com designates 209.85.216.169 as permitted sender) client-ip=209.85.216.169; Received: by qyk2 with SMTP id 2so3364801qyk.14 for ; Thu, 21 Apr 2011 02:58:32 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: by 10.229.105.162 with SMTP id t34mr6170224qco.14.1303379912149; Thu, 21 Apr 2011 02:58:32 -0700 (PDT) Sender: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com Received: by 10.229.182.209 with HTTP; Thu, 21 Apr 2011 02:58:32 -0700 (PDT) In-Reply-To: References: <7e5bdd6d-4bb8-415e-b50f-6a0d3e5454b4@e8g2000vbz.googlegroups.com> Date: Thu, 21 Apr 2011 10:58:32 +0100 Message-ID: Subject: Re: [lojban-beginners] Why is CAhA a tense/modal? From: tijlan To: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com X-Original-Sender: paskios@gmail.com X-Original-Authentication-Results: gmr-mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: domain of paskios@gmail.com designates 209.85.216.169 as permitted sender) smtp.mail=paskios@gmail.com; dkim=pass (test mode) header.i=@gmail.com Reply-To: lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com Precedence: list Mailing-list: list lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com; contact lojban-beginners+owners@googlegroups.com List-ID: X-Google-Group-Id: 300742228892 List-Post: , List-Help: , List-Archive: List-Subscribe: , List-Unsubscribe: , Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Length: 1828 On 21 April 2011 05:34, Thomas Jack wrote: >> According to how this CAhA is actually defined, {ro datka ka'e >> flulimna} means {lo nu ro datka cu flulimna cu cumki}, which I'm not >> sure would be true if there already is an actuality where some ducks >> can't swim. > > Ah, do you take the Lojban<->Lojban definition ({fi'o se cumki}) at > jbovlaste to be canonical? There is room for disagreement and discussion on how {ka'e} is defined in Lojban on jbovlaste, but the canonical definition should be written in Lojban anyway. English dictionaries for English speakers aren't written in Chinese or Swahili; why should a canonical Lojban dictionary for Lojban speakers be written in English, especially when one of its design goals is cultural neutrality? > Unfortunately I don't think this is a safe strategy in general, > whether or not xorxes is right about {ka'e}. What exactly is unsafe about defining a word in a logical language? On 21 April 2011 09:28, MorphemeAddict wrote: > The canonical definitions are and always have been the English definitions. > To check whether a Lojban definition is right, it's checked against the > English. The English definitions suffer from many mistakes & issues: http://www.lojban.org/tiki/BPFK+Section%3A+gismu+Issues We have to check these things too. Against what? Cross-linguistic grounds. That's what Lojban definitions should be checked against as well. mu'o -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Lojban Beginners" group. To post to this group, send email to lojban-beginners@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe from this group, send email to lojban-beginners+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/lojban-beginners?hl=en.