Re: [lojban-beginners] Why is CAhA a tense/modal?

[tijlan <jbotijlan@gmail.com>]

On 20 April 2011 07:48, Luke Bergen <lukeabergen@gmail.com> wrote:
> So as to what {broda ka'e lo nu brode} means... I don't know.  An event that
> happens "in the future" is "in the future" TO some other event.  The selbri
> is an "innate capability" in reference to what?  Maybe the entity that is
> {ka'e}.  {citka lo muno sovda ka'e la .luk.} -> {citka lo muno sovda} is
> {ka'e}.  {ka'e} to what?  To {la .luk.}.  i.e. {la .luk. kakne lo nu citka
> lo muno sovda}.  I dunno... that's how it would make the most sense to me.

{ka'e} is semantically close more to {cumki} than to {kakne}:

http://jbovlaste.lojban.org/dict/ka%27e

{lo plise ka'e farlu} means "It's possible that apples fall" (a
possibility whose realization doesn't hinge on volition) rather than
"Apples are capable of falling" (a capability whose realization hinges
on volition).

{ka'e} works by virtue of {cumki}'s place structure like {pu} does of {purci}'s,

http://jbovlaste.lojban.org/dict/pu

therefore the following analogy is the case:

da broda pu de = da broda fi'o se purci de = lo nu da broda cu purci de
da broda ka'e de = da broda fi'o se cumki de = lo nu da broda cu cumki de

{ka'e de} means cumki2, the condition under which cumki1 -- (lo nu) da
broda -- is possible. {ka'e la .luk.} implies that {la .luk.} is a
named condition. (I personally don't subscribe to the view that a
person sumti cannot fill a place defined in terms of abstraction,
event, condition, etc., so whether {la .luk.} refers to a person or
not wouldn't be a problem for me; but you can at will make a person an
entity separate from an event with {tu'a}: {ka'e tu'a la .luk.},
"under a condition involving Luke".)

{ca'a} is defined as {fi'o jai fatci}:

http://jbovlaste.lojban.org/dict/ca%27a

Because of the disarranging nature of {jai}, the sentential role of
any sumti after {ca'a} will be inherently vaguer than with {ka'e}. But
you still can use {ca'a} with a sumti like other such TAG couplings.


mu'o

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