In a message dated 8/5/2001 5:17:19 PM Central Daylight Time,
jjllambias@hotmail.com writes: Let's consider first a ju-sentence: What a horrible way to put it! Sentences after {ju} make claims; the claims they make just have no role to play in the larger sentence. Nor are sentences after {ju} thereby tautologies. They act like tautolgies in conjunctions, to be sure -- but they equally act like contradictions in disjunctions. And, since U is neither a conjunction nor a disjunction, the sentences following it are neither tautologies nor contradictions -- by being after {ju}. Nor is {xukau} a tautology marker, though {xukau p} may always be true. But it is, in fact, either p or ~p, neither of which is (generally speaking) a tautology. Similarly for a sentence containing {makau} (if such make sense)-- they may be true but they are not tautologies (and they may be problematic even to truth until we find what fills the {makau} slot). The examples with attitudinals are more plausible, except that we don't understand attitudinals very well, so this may be ignotum per ignotius, and they seem to be sayable without the indirect questions -- assuming (which I do with great reluctance) that I understand what they are meant to mean. |