From iad@MATH.BAS.BG Mon Jul 10 23:15:17 2000 Return-Path: Received: (qmail 1957 invoked from network); 11 Jul 2000 06:15:17 -0000 Received: from unknown (10.1.10.27) by m4.onelist.org with QMQP; 11 Jul 2000 06:15:17 -0000 Received: from unknown (HELO argo.bas.bg) (195.96.224.7) by mta1 with SMTP; 11 Jul 2000 06:15:10 -0000 Received: from banmatpc.math.bas.bg (root@banmatpc.math.bas.bg [195.96.243.2]) by argo.bas.bg (8.11.0.Beta1/8.9.3/Debian 8.9.3-6) with ESMTP id e6B6EwS15085 for ; Tue, 11 Jul 2000 09:14:59 +0300 Received: from iad.math.bas.bg (iad.math.bas.bg [195.96.243.88]) by banmatpc.math.bas.bg (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id JAA26531 for ; Tue, 11 Jul 2000 09:14:57 +0300 X-Mozilla-Status2: 00000000 Message-ID: <3969B2A9.55AABFF7@math.bas.bg> Date: Mon, 10 Jul 2000 14:25:29 +0300 X-Mozilla-Draft-Info: internal/draft; vcard=0; receipt=0; uuencode=0; html=0; linewidth=0 X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.6 [en] (Win98; I) X-Accept-Language: en MIME-Version: 1.0 To: lojban@egroups.com Subject: `even' (Re: [lojban] Re: Tashunkekokipapi) References: <20000709231123.99448.qmail@hotmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit From: Ivan A Derzhanski Jorge Llambias wrote: > "Even" does point to a contrast, but it is not surprise. You > can say things like "he is so fearsome that it is not surprising > that even his horse brings fear to his enemies". > > It is as if you are pointing to a long string of things that > bring fear to his enemies: his person, and also his presence, > and also his strength, and also his weapons, and finally even > his horse. By saying "even his horse" you are including all > the other things that are more likely than his horse to bring > fear to his enemies. In light of which it is interesting to look at the way the source languages (and some others) say `even' and to note its affinity to three other concepts: * `also, too' (Arabic lit. `also if [it is]', Hindi ); * `still' (Spanish _aun_); * `until' (Arabic <.hatt_A>, Chinese _shen4zhi4_, Hindi , Spanish _hasta_, Bulgarian _dori_). It is not only his person that brings fear; his horse *also* does. Yea, you can stretch the list of things associated with him *until* you get to his horse, and the things on the list *still* cause fear. --Ivan