From minots@xxxxx.xxxx Mon Apr 5 14:45:09 1999 X-Digest-Num: 105 Message-ID: <44114.105.577.959273824@eGroups.com> Date: Mon, 05 Apr 1999 16:45:09 -0500 From: John Minot But not all do this. Thus my sister-in-law, an artist and serious nature > lover, seems to attribute to "animal" the exclusion of birds (this led to > an awkward semantics argument one day). It might be for her that "animal" > is synonymous with "mammal" or even with "beast" (I never thought to ask > her whether a lizard or a bat was an "animal".) On this subject, you might want to look at the Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language (u'ucai, I don't have it with me and can't find the page number). It had a small box discussing the curiousity in English of multiple meanings of the word 'animal' (in nonscientific discourse, of course). It showed a chart something like this: Plants Animals / \ Non-mammals Animals / \ Humans Animals co'o be'i la djan maynat